Abstract：A wild ichang papeda population was discovered in Mt. Nizubai, Yicibei Village, Wadie Town, Yuanjiang County, Yunnan Province through wild exploration activity supported by the project “Investigation for Bio-agricultural Resources in Yunnan and Surrounding Areas” in 2008. A further survey was conducted to know more about its habitat, geographic distribution, population size and accompanying species. Our result suggested that the wild ichang papeda population in Yuanjiang County is the largest in China based on its distribution area as well as plant number, height and age. This finding not only expands our knowledge about the distribution of ichang papeda but also gives a new clue to its origin and evolution.