Abastract: in-situ FGR conservation system in China is made of three types, namely region conservation, population conservation and individual conservation, to consider nature reserve, in- situ stand and ancient tree respectively as region, population and individual conservation type . Up to 2012, there were 2,669 national nature reserves with a total area of 149.79 million ha, accounting for about 14.94% of China’s total area. Up to 2011, a total of 2,747 forest parks with a total area of 17.03 million ha were established; and up to 2011, a total number of 962 national and provincial-level scenery parks have been established, with a total area of 19.75 million ha. Up to 2012, in situ conservation stands and natural seed collection stands of more than fifty species have been established. Up to 2005, 2.853 million ancient and rare trees have been identified and most of them have been labeled for protection. About 90% of all the natural terrestrial ecosystems, 85% of wildlife animal populations with protection priority, and 65% of community types of higher plants have been well protected in China. China has made significant progresses in in-situ FGR conservation, but defects still existed. Future needs were identified to be improvement of the quality of in situ conservation, harmonization of protection and economic development, enforcement of dynamic monitoring and evaluation of the in situ conservation of FGR.