Crown Rot caused by Fusarium species is a worldwide soil-borne disease in several crop species. In recent years, crown rot became a common threat in many wheat-growing regions in China. However, the reports on large-scale screening of crown rot resistant resources remain rare. In this study, 670 Chinese wheat germplasms plus two genotypes Sunco and Shan253, which served as resistant and susceptible control, respectively, were evaluated for crown rot resistance at seedling stage under greenhouse conditions. The results showed that 84% of tested accessions were susceptible, including many widespread varieties that are deploying in farming practice. That implied a potential of the increasing incidence and degree of crown rot in China in future. Fifteen genotypes showed reliable moderate disease resistance as the resistant control Sunco in multiple rounds of selection, with an average disease index ranged from 10.9 to 19.4. Specifically to these 15 genotypes, a variation on plant height and heading time was observed. Thus, this study unlocked the diseased index of Fusarium crown rot in Chinese wheat cultivars, which will provide reference for wheat resistance breeding.