山西省农业科学院高粱研究所/高粱遗传与种质创新山西省重点实验室
山西省专利推广实施资助专项（2019032）；山西省农业科学院“农谷”研发专项（YCX2018210）；山西省重点研发计划重点项目 (201703D211002-9-1)；山西省农业科学院生物育种工程项目（17yzgc030）;晋中市科技重点研发计划(农业)(Y192016)
Sorghum Institute,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Shanxi Key Laboratory of Sorghum Genetic and Germplasm Innovation
The support project of Shanxi Province patent promotion and implementation(2019032)，The ‘NongGU’R & D special item of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences (YCX2018210)，The Key R & D projects of Shanxi Province(201703D211002-9-1)，The Biological breeding project of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences（17yzgc030），The key R & D plan of science and Technology of Jin zhong(Agriculture) (Y192016)
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本研究利用苗期室内鉴定和成株期田间自然感蚜鉴定相结合的方法对 292 份高粱育种材料进行麦二叉蚜和高粱蚜 的抗性鉴定，旨在为高粱抗蚜品种的聚合育种及品种抗蚜性改良提供精准抗源。抗性鉴定结果显示，PB14648-6、PI550607、 Tx2737 的抗性比较稳定，在苗期和成株期均对麦二叉蚜表现出一定的抗性；3765 白 B、L27（粉）、R1027、冀蚜 2 号在苗期 和成株期均表现抗高粱蚜；仅在成株期鉴定中筛选到河北糯 R、青稞洋、Tx2737 同时对高粱蚜和麦二叉蚜有较好抗性,也仅达 到抗(R)级水平。从统计结果来看，苗期接麦二叉蚜 14d 后呈极显著差异；而接高粱蚜后 7d 呈显著差异，接蚜后 10d、14d 呈 极显著差异。接蚜 14d 后，高感材料出现死亡、干枯现象，抗感性易于鉴别，因此，接蚜后 14d 是进行苗期抗、感性分析的 最佳调查时期；在高粱成株期抗蚜鉴定中，全生育期平均蚜量与盛发期平均蚜量有较高正相关关系（麦二叉蚜相关系数为 0.844，高粱蚜为 0.954），盛发期蚜量能够较好的代表供试材料的田间抗性，可以用于高粱抗蚜鉴定复筛试验。
In this study, 292 sorghum breeding lines were subjected for tests against the infections of greenbug (Schizaphis graminum) and sugarcane aphid (Melanaphis sacchari) at seedling stage and adult stage, in order to identify the parental lines with reliable resistance used for resistance pyramiding in sorghum breeding. As a result, at both seedling and adult stages three genotypes including PB14648-6, PI550607 and Tx2737 represented constantly resistant against the greenbug, while the lines 3765 white B, L27 (powder), R1027 and jiya2 were resistant to sugarcane aphid. Three genotypes Hebeinuo R, Qingkeyang and Tx2737 showed moderately resistant to both greenbug and sugarcane aphid at adult stage. The statistical analysis revealed a very significant difference after 14 days infested by greenbug (p<0.01). The significant differences were observed after 7d (p<0.05) and 10d, 14d (p<0.01) infested by sugarcane aphid. The resistance varieties became visible easily, because the plants showing high-sensitive died or dried up 14 days post infection (dpi). In the identification of aphid resistance at the adult stage of sorghum ,a higher positive correlation (greenbug, 0.844; sugarcane aphid, 0.954) between the average numbers of aphids in adult plant stage, in relative to that at peak growth period was observed. The resistance level at peak growth period could be deployed to reflect that of the adult stage which could be used for the re-identification test for aphid resistance of sorghum.
引用本文
杨慧勇,柳青山,张一中,等.高粱种质资源抗蚜性评价[J].植物遗传资源学报,2020,21(5):1112-1123.
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- 收稿日期:2020-03-25
- 最后修改日期:2020-04-27
- 录用日期:2020-04-28
- 在线发布日期: 2020-09-09
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