Wheat is globally one of the most important grain crops. Raising its yield and quality is of great significance in ensuring food security and human health. Fusarium head blight (FHB) may seriously destabilize and lower the yield and quality of wheat. Wild relatives of wheat are considered important effective sources to explore for FHB resistance. In this study, thirty-one germplasm accessions of Roegneria kamoji Ohwi from China and abroad were tested for FHB resistance over two years under field conditions, by deployment of two infection methods of spore spraying method and single flower instillation. The results showed that R. kamoji had moderate anti-invasion, excellent anti-expansibility, good overall resistance performance, diversified disease-resistance ability, and a few of the populations had both excellent anti-invasion and anti-expansion abilities. Among the 31 accessions, 4 were resistant (R, accounting for 12.90%), 22 were moderately resistant (MR, accounting for 70.97%) and 5 were moderately susceptible (MS, accounting for 16.13%). The accessions 88-89 282 (collected from Haba River, Xinjiang), Pr 87-88 353 (Ya’an, Sichuan), Pr 87-88 352 (Ya’an, Sichuan) and 88-89 304 (Kyoto, Japan) were identified as elite resources resistant to FHB from our two-years experiments, and they may be used for transference of FHB resistance to wheat for cultivar improvement.