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首页 > 过刊浏览>2021年第22卷第6期 >1595-1605. DOI:10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr. 20210422002
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不同杂种优势群玉米自交系籽粒灌浆和脱水速率评价
作者:
作者单位:

北京市农林科学院玉米研究中心 / 玉米 DNA 指纹及分子育种北京市重点实验室,北京 100097

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFD0100205）；财政部和农业农村部：国家现代农业产业技术体系；内蒙古自治区科技计划项目 （2020GG0098）；北京学者计划项目（BSP041）


Evaluation of Grain Filling and Dehydration Rate of Maize Inbred Lines in Different Heterosis Groups
Author:
Affiliation:

Maize Research Center,Beijing Academy of Agriculture & Forestry Sciences/Beijing Key Laboratory of Maize DNA Fingerprinting and Molecular Breeding,Beijing 100097

Fund Project:

The National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFD0100205)， China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA，Science and Technology Planning Project of Inner Mongolia(2020GG0098)，Beijing Scholars Project(BSP041)

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    摘要:

    以京2416等7个不同杂种优势群共43份玉米骨干自交系为试验材料，研究并明确其籽粒灌浆和脱水速率差异，旨在为选育灌浆脱水快的玉米品种提供参考和指导。结果表明：（1）不同杂种优势群玉米自交系产量平均为4504.29 kg hm-2，其中京724产量最高（7140.55 kg hm-2）；不同杂种优势群间表现为X群>改良Ried群>黄改群>Reid群>Iodent群>P群>旅大红骨群。（2）灌浆速率平均为0.68 g 100-grain d-1，其中京2416最高（0.88 g 100-grain d-1），较郑58和PH6WC分别高0.28和0.19 g 100-grain d-1，增幅为46.67%和27.54%；不同杂种优势间表现为X群>Reid群>Iodent群>黄改群>改良Reid群>旅大红骨群>P群。（3）收获期籽粒含水率平均为22.44%，其中京2416最低（18.91%），较郑58（25.25%）和PH6WC（22.09%）低6.34和3.18个百分点；生理成熟后籽粒脱水速率平均为0.65% d-1，其中京2416最高（0.82% d-1），较郑58（0.46% d-1）和PH6WC（0.70% d-1）高78.26%和17.14%；不同杂种优势间表现为X群和Iodent群>黄改群>Reid群>旅大红骨群>改良Ried群>P群。（4）对参试玉米骨干自交系的籽粒灌浆速率和脱水速率进行系统聚类分析发现，京2416、京B547、京MC01、京72464灌浆速率和脱水速率均较高。（5）相关分析表明，玉米自交系产量与籽粒灌浆速率、干物质转运率呈极显著正相关，收获时籽粒含水率与生理成熟后籽粒脱水速率呈极显著负相关，生理成熟后籽粒脱水速率与灌浆速率呈极显著正相关。由此可见，X群自交系的籽粒灌浆和脱水速率均高于其他杂种优势群；黄改群骨干自交系京2416熟期最早，且灌浆和脱水速率均为最高，对培育早熟宜粒收玉米新品种具有重要的育种价值。

    Abstract:

    Forty-three maize inbred lines in different heterosis groups were used to analyze the difference on grain filling and dehydration rate, in order to provide insights in breeding for maize varieties with high grain filling and dehydration rate. The results showed that: (1) the average yield of maize inbred lines was 4504.29 kg hm-2, while Jing724 showed the highest yield performance (7140.60 kg hm-2). The performance among different heterosis groups was revealed (X group > Reid group > Improved Reid > Huangzaosi improved lines > Reid group > Iodent group > P group> Lüda red cob group). (2) The average grain filling rate was 0.68 g-100 grain d-1. Jing2416 showed the highest grain filling rate (0.88 g-100 grain d-1), representing 0.28 and 0.19 g-100 grain d-1 higher than Zheng58 and PH4CV. Among different heterosis groups, X group was observed to higher than hat of Reid group, followed by Iodent group, Huangzaosi improved lines, Improved Reid, Lüda red cob and P group. (3) The average grain moisture content at harvest was 22.44%, and that of Jing2416 was 18.91%, which was 6.34% and 3.18% lower than that of Zheng58 (25.25%) and PH6WC (22.09%); the average grain dehydration rate after physiological maturity was 0.65% d-1, among which Jing2416 was the highest (0.82% d-1), 78.26% and 17.14% higher than that of Zheng58 (0.46% d-1) and PH6WC (0.70% d-1). The dehydration rate of different types of maize inbred lines was as follows: X group and Iodent group>Huangzaosi improved lines>Reid group>Improved Reid>Lüda red cob>P group. (4) Four inbred lines including Jing2416, JingB547, JingMC01 and Jing72464 showed higher grain filling rate and dehydration rate. (5) The grain yield was significantly positively correlated with grain filling rate and dry matter transport rate. A significant negative correlation between grain moisture content at harvest and grain dehydration rate after physiological maturity was detected, whereas a significant positive correlation between grain dehydration rate and grain filling rate after physiological maturity was observed. The results showed that the grain filling and dehydration rates of X group were higher than those of other genetic groups; Jing2416, the Huangzaosi improved lines, had the earliest maturity and the highest grain filling and dehydration rates, which had important breeding value for breeding new maize varieties with early maturity and suitable grain yield

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徐田军,张勇,赵久然,等.不同杂种优势群玉米自交系籽粒灌浆和脱水速率评价[J].植物遗传资源学报,2021,22(6):1595-1605.

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