1.湖南农业大学农学院;2.湖南农业大学教育学院
国家自然科学基金(31972256);国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0101103-2)
1.College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University;2.College of Education,Hunan Agricultural University
National Natural Science Foundation of China(31972256),National Key Technology R&D Program(2016YFD0101103-2)
以籼稻品系 75-1-127 作为广谱持久抗稻瘟病基因 Pi9 的供体亲本,先后以籼型三系保持系三香 B 及其不育系三 香 A 为受体亲本,利用 Pi9 基因内共显性 InDel 标记 CoInDF1R1 开展分子标记辅助选择连续回交育种,定向改良三香 B 和 三香 A 的稻瘟病抗性。以三香 B、三香 A、75-1-127 和感病对照 CO39 为材料,用来自国内外不同稻区的 28 份稻瘟菌菌株 进行室内苗瘟接种试验,结果表明,75-1-127 的抗性频率为 85.71%,三香 A 和三香 B 的抗性频率均为 28.57%。共显性标记 CoInDF1R1 从 75-1-127 基因组中扩增出一条 320 bp 的清晰条带,而从三香 A 和三香 B 基因组中的扩增产物约 410 bp,多态 性明显且稳定。用 CoInDF1R1 开展了连续 10 年的辅助选择回交育种实践,培育出改良抗病不育系三香 A-Pi9 及其配套抗病 保持系三香 B-Pi9。田间自然病圃苗瘟抗性鉴定表明,三香 A 和三香 B 高感苗瘟,而 75-1-127、三香 A-Pi9 和三香 B-Pi9 均高 抗苗瘟。花粉镜检和田间育性调查结果表明,三香 A-Pi9 和三香 A 花粉少,花粉粒以圆败为主,套袋自交结实率为 0;而三香 B 和三香 B-Pi9 花粉较多,花粉粒碘染及田间结实正常。此外,三香 A-Pi9 具有优良的异交习性,柱头外露率达 61.70%。三 香 A-Pi9 和三香 B-Pi9 田间群体整齐一致,主要产量性状与对应受体亲本相似,而单穗颖花数极显著增加,丰产性更好,杂种 优势潜力更大。
To improve blast resistance of the rice cytoplasmic male sterile(CMS)line SanxiangA and its maintainer SanxiangB,a PCR-based co-dominant InDel marker CoInDF1R1 was developed to select the broadspectrum and durable blast resistance gene Pi9 in breeding practice. By performing the greenhouse inoculation assay using twenty-eight Magnaporthe oryzae strains isolated from different rice areas in China and abroad, the Pi9 gene donor rice line 75-1-127 showed much higher resistance frequency(85.71%)than that of two acceptor parents SanxiangA and SanxiangB(28.57%). The Pi9 functional marker CoInDF1R1 produced a 320 bp fragment in 75-1-127 and a ca. 410 bp fragment in both SanxiangA and SamxiangB. A CMS line SanxiangAPi9 and the corresponding maintainer SanxiangB-Pi9 both showing significant blast resistance were obtained by taking advantage of a ten-year consecutive backcross breeding practice and CoInDF1R1-assisted selection. In the natural disease nursery,SanxiangA-Pi9 and SanxiangB-Pi9 as well as the Pi9 donor line showed highlevel blast resistance at the seedling stage,whereas two acceptor parents SanxiangA and SanxiangB remained highly susceptible. Pollen I2-KI staining and field bagged seed-setting assays showed that SanxiangA-Pi9 and SanxiangA with sparse circular abortive pollens under microscope and no self-pollinated seed was obtained. On the contrast,SanxiangB-Pi9 and SanxiangB expressed normal pollen staining reaction and fertility. Furthermore, SanxiangA-Pi9 represented excellent cross-pollination traits,its stigma exsertion rate reached 61.70%. In the field cultivation assay,SanxiangA-Pi9 and SanxiangB-Pi9 showed complete uniformity as their acceptor parents on main agronomic traits,while possessed much more spikelets per plant,thus implying promising yield and heterosis.
张 婷,黄 俊,梁 毅,等.分子标记辅助选择 Pi9 基因改良籼型三系不育系三香 A 稻瘟病抗性[J].植物遗传资源学报,2022,23(2):605-613.
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