1.鲁东大学农学院 / 山东省高等学校作物高产抗逆分子模块重点实验室;2.聊城市农业科学院现代育种技术中心;3.山东省农业技术推广中心
山东省重点研发计划(2019GNC106126);国家自然科学基金(31871612);山东省高等学校“青创科技计划”(2019KJF002);烟台 市科技计划项目(2020XCZX045)
1.School of Agriculture,Ludong University/Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong;2.Modern Breeding Technology Center,Liaocheng Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shandong Liaocheng;3.Shandong Agricultural Technology Extension Center
Shandong Provincial Key Research and Development Program(2019GNC106126),National Natural Science Foundation of China(31871612),Youth Innovation Science and Technology Program of Colleges and Universities in Shandong Province (2019KJF002),Yantai Science and Technology Planning Project(2020XCZX045)
qSsnps-5D 为一个控制不育小穗数的主效稳定 QTL,其优异等位基因来自小麦骨干亲本京 411。本研究利用科农 9204× 京 411 衍生的包含 187 个家系的重组自交系群体(KJ-RIL,recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross of Kenong 9204 and Jing 411)及 314 份育成品种(系)组成的自然群体对其进行遗传及育种选择效应解析,明确其对产量性状的遗传 效应,分析其在育种过程中的选择应用情况,评价其未来育种应用潜力。试验结果表明,qSsnps-5D 在 8 套数据集中被定位 于 5D 染色体上 0.72~4.13 Mb 之间,跨度约 3.41 Mb。基于 KJ-RIL 群体及自然群体分析结果均表明,来自京 411 的优异等位 基因可增加单株穗数,但对千粒重表现为极显著负向效应;其对穗粒数、单株产量的影响在两套群体的分析结果不一致。在 qSsnps-5D 靶区间内选择 2 个紧密连锁的 SNP 标记 AX-110565536 和 AX-86170796 对 314 份自然群体进行目标 QTL 单倍型 分析;结果显示,国外品种对 qSsnps-5D 优异单倍型(Hap-GG-CC)的选择利用率最高;中国品种中青海省、四川省和河南省 3 个省份优异单倍型品种占比较高,而山东、北京、陕西和河北 4 地对 qSsnps-5D 优异单倍型选择利用率较低。时间跨度显 示,qSsnps-5D 优异单倍型 Hap-GG-CC 选择利用效率随时间推移在我国呈下降趋势。为便于 qSsnps-5D 后期分子育种应用, 本研究开发了一个基于 PCR 检测技术的 InDel 分子标记,命名为 5D-1620921,其带型扩增清晰,可重复性好,为 qSsnps-5D 分 子育种应用提供理论支撑。
qSsnps-5D,derived from the backbone parental line Jing 411(J411),is a major stable QTL for sterile spikelet number per spike(SSNPS). This study aimed to decipher the genetic effect of this QTL and its use in wheat varieties. Two populations,including a recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross of Kenong 9204(KN9204)and Jing 411(KJ-RIL),and a natural mapping population comprised by 314 wheat authorized varieties or advanced lines,were involved. The experiment results showed that qSsnps-5D was confirmed in an interval of 3.41 Mb from 0.72 Mb to 4.13 Mb on chromosome 5D among 8 datasets. Excellent allele of qSsnps5D from J411 could increase spikes per plant but significantly decrease thousand kernel weight in both KJ-RIL and the natural mapping populations. However,the genetic effects of qSsnps-5D on kernel number per spike and yield per plant were differing between the two populations. Two close linkage markers of qSsnps-5D,i.e.,AX110565536 and AX-86170796 were used to specify the breeding utilization characteristics of qSsnps-5D in the natural mapping population. The excellent haplotype for qSsnps-5D(Hap-GG-CC)was often found(80.60%) in the foreign varieties. Among the Chinese varieties,higher rates of excellent haplotype(Hap-GG-CC)were found from varieties of Qinghai province,Sichuan province and Henan province,but the rates of haplotype HapGG-CC were lower in varieties of Shandong,Beijing,Shaanxi and Hebei. The rates of Hap-GG-CC in varieties released from 1980 s to present were constantly declined. To facilitate the application of qSsnps-5D in future molecular breeding programs,we developed a PCR-based InDel molecular marker named as 5D-1620921. Altogether,this study provided insights for the application of qSsnps-5D in molecular breeding programs of wheat.
马天航,蔡益彪,熊永星,等.小麦不育小穗数 QTL-qSsnps-5D 遗传及育种选择效应解析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2022,23(3):811-822.
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