1.省部共建干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室/甘肃省作物遗传改良与种质创新重点实验室;2甘肃农业大学农学院;3.中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农业农村部作物基因资源与种质创新重点实验室/国家作物基因资源与遗传改良重点实验室
国家自然科学基金面上项目(32172045)
1.State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science (Gansu Agricultural University)/Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement & Germplasm Enhancement, Lanzhou;2.College of Agronomy,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou;3.Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
National Natural Science Foundation of China (32172045)
麦类作物主要包括普通小麦、大麦、黑麦、燕麦及小黑麦等物种。麦类作物具有复杂庞大的基因组,基因组学研究相对滞后。随着测序技术的发展,成本的大大降低,麦类作物的研究迈入了基因组学的全新时代,推动了群体遗传学、表观基因组学、泛基因组学等研究并取得了重大突破。人们对于麦类的基因组变异和遗传选择有了更深刻的认知,为研究麦类作物的起源与演变、品种改良等提供了科学的理论依据和指导。本文就近年来基因组学时代主要麦类作物的研究现状及趋势进行概述,结合国际前沿动态,对本领域后基因组时代的研究热点提出了展望。
Triticeae crops mainly include common wheat, barley, rye, oat and Triticale etc. These species usually host a complex genome with huge size (>5.1Gb, with >80% repetitive elements), thus resulting in establishment of high-quality genome reference behind other cereal crops such as rice and maize. Taking advantage of achievement on sequencing methodologies along with dramatic decrease on the sequence cost, studies of the Triticeae genomics have become reasonable, and breakthroughs in population genetics, pangenomics, and epigenomics have been made. These achievements enabled better understanding of the genomic variation and selection, and also provided resources to decipher the origin, domestication and local adaptation as well as assist genetic improvement of modern varieties. This mini-review summarizes current status and research trends in the Triticeae genomics in the past few years, and proposes the hotspots in post-genomics era in Triticeae crops.
葸 玮,郝晨阳,李 甜,等.基因组时代-麦类基因组学研究现状及趋势[J].植物遗传资源学报,2022,23(4):929-942.
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