Maize stalk lodging seriously affects yield, quality and mechanized harvest. In this study, 110 maize germplasm resources with rich genetic diversity were used to analyze the correlation among 8 traits of stalk strength, vascular bundle and fiber content, and the differences of consanguinity germplasm were compared. The results show that there is a synergistic effect between bending strength and puncture strength, the number of large vascular bundles and the number of small vascular bundles, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber and hemicellulose. Four traits, including the number of large vascular bundles, the content of neutral detergent fiber, the bending strength and the puncture strength, all positively correlated with the lodging resistance. Under climatic conditions in Nanning, Guangxi, the tropical maize germplasms showed stronger stalk strength, more vascular bundles and higher fiber content, in which elite germplasms with strong lodging resistance were identified. Collectively, these results provided theoretical reference for deciphering the lodging resistance of maize, which has implication for the improvement and utilization of tropical maize germplasms.