水稻卷叶突变体rl76的表型和组织分析及基因定位
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湖南农业大学农学院

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湖南省重点领域研发计划项目(2023NK2003)


Phenotypic and Tissue Analysis and Gene Mapping of Rolled Leaf Mutant Rl76 in Rice
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Agronomy College of Hunan Agricultural University

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Key research and development program in Hunan Province

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    摘要:

    叶片是水稻(Oryza sativa L.)进行光合作用的主要器官,叶片形态是影响水稻群体光合效率的首要因素,不断挖掘控制叶片卷曲的基因并揭示其遗传机理,可为培育叶片适度卷曲的理想株型水稻品种提供基因资源。本研究以自然卷叶突变体rl76为材料,对其开展了农艺性状调查、叶片纤维素、叶绿素含量测定及组织学分析,并用水稻GSR40K芯片技术对rl76卷叶基因进行定位。通过表型鉴定,突变体rl76与野生型在苗期卷叶表型无明显差异,都表现为轻度卷曲;从分蘖期开始,rl76与野生型相比,叶片极度内卷成葱状且直立,叶片卷曲指数极显著增加,株高和有效分蘖数显著降低,叶宽、剑叶长和穗长无明显差异。叶绿素含量显著高于野生型,类胡萝卜素含量无明显差,纤维素含量和木质素含量均低于野生型。石蜡切片观察叶片结构,发现rl76突变体叶片气腔消失、远轴面厚壁细胞发育缺陷及泡状细胞面积和个数减少。遗传分析表明卷叶性状符合不完全显性单基因遗传规律;采用水稻GSR40K芯片技术将rl76基因初步定位在第9染色体上12.179- 16.436Mb的区段;进一步采用F2群体中极端卷叶单株重组子筛选法,将卷叶基因精细定位在第9染色体上SSR标记T5904-7和T5904-9物理距离为30.26kb的染色体区段,在该染色体区间内含有3个注释基因,其中LOC_Os09g23200是已报道通过调节叶片远轴面细胞发育来调控水稻叶片卷曲的基因SLL1,因此推测卷叶突变体rl76的卷叶表型可能是SLL1基因在发挥作用。综上所述,rl76卷叶突变体的卷叶表型是由9号染色体上的一个不完全显性单基因通过调控泡状细胞及远轴面厚壁细胞的发育所致。

    Abstract:

    Leaves are the main organs for photosynthesis in rice (Oryza sativa L.), and leaf morphology is the primary factor affecting the photosynthetic efficiency of rice plants. Continuously exploring genes that control leaf curling and revealing their genetic mechanisms, could provide optional genetic resources for cultivating ideal rice varieties with moderately curled leaves. In this study, the natural rolled leaf mutant rl76 was used as the material to carry out agronomic trait investigation, leaf cellulose, chlorophyll content determination and tissue morphology observation, and the rice GSR40 K chip technology was used to locate the RL76 rolled leaf gene. Phenotypic identification results indicated that there was no significant difference in the leaf rolling phenotype between the mutant rl76 and the wild type at the seedling stage, both of which showed slightly rolled. From the tillering to maturity stage, the leaves of rl76 were extremely rolled into shallot-like and erect, while the leaves of wild type were flat and slightly drooping. Compared to the wild type, the leaf rolled index of rl76 increased significantly, plant height and effective tiller number decreased significantly, and there was no significant difference in leaf width, flag leaf length and panicle length. The chlorophyll content was significantly higher than that of the wild type, the carotenoid content was not significantly different, nevertheless, the cellulose content and lignin content were lower than those of the wild type. The leaf structure by paraffin sectioning was observed that the rl76 mutant leaf cavity disappeared, the development of the thick-walled cells on the abaxial surface was defective, and the area and number of vesicular cells decreased. Genetic analysis shows that the rolled leaf trait was consistent with the incomplete dominant single gene inheritance pattern. By using rice GSR40K chip technology, the rl76 gene was preliminarily localized in the region of 12.179-16.436 Mb on chromosome 9. With the extreme 949 leaf-rolled plant in the F2 population, the rolled leaf gene was further fine mapped on the chromosome segment of SSR markers T5904-7 and T5904-9 with a physical distance of 30.26kb on chromosome 9. This chromosome segment contains three annotation genes, among which LOC-Os09g23200 is a gene SLL1 that has been reported to regulate rice leaf curling by regulating the development of leaf distal surface cells. Therefore it is speculated that the rolled leaf phenotype of the mutant rl76 may be regulated by the SLL1 gene. In summary, the rolling leaf phenotype of the rl76 mutant was resulted from the abnormal development of bulliform cells and abaxial thick-walled cells regulated by an incompletely dominant single gene on chromosome 9.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-02-20
  • 最后修改日期:2024-03-04
  • 录用日期:2024-08-19
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