镉低积累优质常规稻韶香100的培育及试验示范
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1.海南大学热带农林学院;2.湖南杂交水稻研究中心杂交水稻全国重点实验室;3.华智生物技术有限公司;4.中国科学院近代物理研究所重离子加速器国家实验室;5.株洲市农业科学研究所

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基金项目:

科技“揭榜挂帅”湖南省重大科技攻关项目(2022NK1010);湖南省岳麓山种业创新项目(2021NK1003)


Breeding and Experimental Demonstration of Cadmium Low Accumulation High Quality Conventional Rice Shaoxiang 100
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Affiliation:

1.College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry,Hainan University;2.National Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice,Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center;3.Huazhi Biotechnology Co,Ltd;4.National Laboratory of Heavy Ion Accelerator of Lanzhou,Institute of Modern Physics,Chinese Academy of Science;5.Zhuzhou Agricultural Sciences Institute

Fund Project:

Science and technology "Reveal the list" Major science and technology research projects in Hunan Province(2022NK1010);Hunan Yuelu Mountain Seed Industry Innovation Project(2021NK1003)

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    摘要:

    通过重离子诱变香型优质稻材料44-5,结合M1TDS技术,培育出OsNRAMP5基因突变镉低积累水稻“韶香100”。“韶香100”2021-2023年在湖南多地进行了试验示范,并参加国家镉低积累品种自主试验。OsNRAMP5基因突变降镉(Cd)的同时锰(Mn)的积累也显著降低,而Mn是植物生长必须的微量元素。本研究比较了韶香100及其原始品系“44-5”的籽粒镉积累特性、产量、品质及低温耐受性等。研究结果表明:“韶香100”在多地试验示范中表现稳定的稻谷镉低积累特性,植株Mn的积累下降,但产量相比原始品系“44-5”不降低,除株高外,其他主要农艺性状也无明显差异。随着播期推迟,韶香100与原始品系“44-5”结实率都明显下降,相对耐冷系数和品种耐冷指数分别为0.75和0.75,47.2%和49.2%,孕穗期低温耐受性都为4级(敏冷)。韶香100相比原始品系“44-5”并没有因为OsNRAMP5基因突变引起植株Mn积累降低,而造成低温耐受性下降,鉴定结果表明两者都是耐冷性一般的品种。鉴于此,韶香100在湖南、江西作为双季晚稻种植时,建议适时早播,避免生长后期因低温胁迫造成产量损失。

    Abstract:

    The rice variety “Shaoxiang100” with low cadmium accumulation was developed through heavy-ion mutagenesis of the aromatic high-quality rice material 44-5, combined with the M1TDS technology, and the mutation of the OsNRAMP5 gene. The variety “Shaoxiang100” underwent testing and trials in multiple locations throughout Hunan Province from 2021 to 2023. It also partici-pated in national independent trials for varieties with low Cd accumulation. The mutation of the OsNRAMP5 gene reduces man-ganese (Mn) levels, which are essential for plant growth, while also decreasing cadmium (Cd) accumulation. This study compares the Cd accumulation characteristics, yield, quality, and low-temperature tolerance of Shaoxiang100 and its original strain “44-5”. The multi-site experiments and demonstrations revealed that the strain “Shaoxiang 100” exhibited stable, low levels of Cd accu-mulation in rice grains. Additionally, the accumulation of Mn in plants decreased, but the yield remained unchanged when com-pared to the original strain “44-5”. Other main agronomic traits did not show significant differences, except for plant height. The fruiting rate of both Shaoxiang 100 and the original line “44-5” decreased significantly with the delay of sowing, and the plants also decreased. However, the yield remained the same as the original strain “44-5”, and there were no significant differences in the main agronomic traits, except for plant height. No changes in content have been made, as per the given instructions. The delay in sowing significantly reduced the fruiting rate of both Shaoxiang 100 and the original line “44-5”. Additionally, the relative cold tolerance coefficient and variety cold tolerance index were 0.75 and 0.75, respectively, indicating a decrease of 47.2% and 49.2%. Furthermore, the low-temperature tolerance at the spikelet stage was level 4, indicating sensitivity to cold. Compared to the original strain “44-5”, Shaoxiang 100 did not experience a decrease in Mn accumulation or low-temperature tolerance due to a mutation in the Os-NRAMP5 gene. The identification results indicate that both strains have general cold tolerance. Therefore, it is recommended to plant Shaoxiang 100 as double-crop late rice in Hunan and Jiangxi to prevent yield loss from low-temperature stress during the late growth period.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-02-28
  • 最后修改日期:2024-03-15
  • 录用日期:2024-08-19
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