辽宁地区小豆野生种及其近缘种的调查收集与豆象抗性鉴定
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作者单位:

1.中国农业科学院作物科学研究所;2.辽宁省农业科学院作物研究所

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基金项目:

国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1200100,2021YFD1200105);作物基因资源与育种全国重点实验室;国家食用豆产业技术体系(CARS-08);中国农业科学院创新工程


Investigation, Collection, and Bruchid Resistance Identification of Wild Adzuki Bean and Sibling Species in Liaoning Province
Author:
Affiliation:

1.Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences;2.Crop Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Fund Project:

National Key R&D Program of China (2021YFD1200100, 2021YFD1200105); State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding; China Agriculture Research System-Food Legumes (CARS-08); Science and Technology Innovation Project of CAAS

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    摘要:

    小豆野生种及其近缘种作为关键的遗传资源,具有极强的抗病虫能力和耐逆性,在育种中具有重要的利用价值。然而,伴随着城市化进程的加快以及人类活动的影响,小豆野生资源面临严峻挑战,濒临灭绝,因此需强化对野生资源的系统考察、抢救性收集及鉴定工作。辽宁地区拥有丰富的小豆野生种及其近缘种,但其种群数量、分布情况及资源特性等尚不明晰。本研究于辽宁省14个市的36个区(县)开展了小豆野生种及其近缘种的调查和收集工作,总计收集到262份样本。调查结果表明,小豆野生种主要分布于辽中和辽东地区,尤其是在辽东沿海区域;而野生近缘种则主要分布于辽西地区。此外,我们还针对收集的小豆野生种进行了豆象抗性鉴定,筛选出2份高抗豆象和1份抗豆象的小豆野生种。本研究结果为我国小豆野生种及其近缘种的珍稀濒危资源保护和利用提供了重要依据,同时为小豆抗豆象育种提供了珍贵的种质资源。

    Abstract:

    Wild Adzuki bean and sibling species serve as critical genetic resources, exhibiting strong resistance to diseases and pests, as well as high stress tolerance, making them valuable for breeding programs. However, due to the rapid urbanization and the impact of human activities, these resources are facing severe challenges and are on the brink of extinction. Therefore, there is an urgent need for systematic investigation rescue collection, and identification of these wild resources. The Liaoning region boasts a rich diversity of wild adzuki bean species and their relatives, but their population numbers, distribution patterns, and resource characteristics remain unclear. Therefore, systematic investigation and rescue collection of wild adzuki bean and sibling species are urgently needed in Liaoning province as a case study. This study conducted surveys and collections of wild adzuki bean and sibling species across 36 districts (counties) in 14 cities in Liaoning Province, resulting in a total of 262 accessions collected. The survey results indicate that wild adzuki bean are primarily distributed in central and eastern Liaoning, particularly in the coastal areas of eastern Liaoning, while adzuki bean sibling species are mainly found in western Liaoning. In addition, indoor artificial inoculation tests were conducted to evaluate the bruchid resistance of the collected wild adzuki bean and sibling species, identifying two highly resistant and one resistant wild adzuki bean accessions. The findings of this study provide important evidence for the conservation and utilization of rare and endangered resources of wild adzuki bean and sibling species in China, while also offering valuable germplasm resources for breeding adzuki bean resistant to bean weevils.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-06-15
  • 最后修改日期:2024-07-17
  • 录用日期:2024-08-09
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