From 2021 to 2023, the Henan team of the “Third National Crop Germplasm Resources Census and Collection Action” carried out a comprehensive survey and collection of crop germplasm resources in 128 counties/cities in the Henan province, P.R. China. A total of 120 rice planting information in 1956, 1981, 2014 was obtained. The census data showed that in Henan Province, the rice planting area was concentrated, the planting area increased, and the landraces decreased sharply. At the same time, a total of 37 rice germplasm resources were collected, and the field traits of 33 rice germplasm resources were investigated and identified. The collected rice germplasm resources were mainly from the northern and southern Henan rice areas. 63.64 % of them were planted at an altitude of 50-100 m. Phenotypic character identification showed that japonica rice was more than indica rice, lowland rice was more than upland rice, nonglutinous rice was more than glutinous rice, fragrant rice and colored rice accounted for 27.27 % and 21.21 % of the total resources, respectively. The phenotypic traits of resources were rich in diversity. Most germplasms showed the characters such as high plant height, erect and long culm, suitable panicle length and panicle type, good panicle extraction, curved shape after maturity, multiple branches of secondary branches in panicle, green leaf sheath color and leaf blade color, double-lobed ligule shape, moderate width of flag leaf, erect flag leaf and second leaf, awnless grain, yellow and hairy glume. Based on the phenotype，six excellent rice germplasm resources were screened out , including Xixianxiangdaowan No.1, Sanlicun, Hanxiang No.1 F11, Maopuruandao, Heixiangnuo, Lvmi. In conclusion, this study would provide a scientific basis for the effective protection and utilization of Henan rice germplasm resources.