The phenotypic diversity analysis and comprehensive evaluation of 142 germplasms of Erythropalum scandens were carried out by means of coefficient of variation， correlation analysis， principal component analysis and cluster analysis， which laid a foundation for the breeding of E. scandens in Guangxi. The survey found that Chongzuo City and Baise City had more wild germplasm resources， followed by Nanning City. The wild germplasm mainly distributed in limestone hills， slopes， mountains， sparse forests， dense forests， with an altitude of 140-1001 m. The statistical results showed that the coefficient of variation of 11 phenotypic traits was between 2.76% and 18.75% of 142 germplasms， indicating that the genetic difference of germplasm resources in Guangxi was large. Correlation analysis showed that leaf length was significantly correlated with leaf width， length of the second branch internode， longitudinal diameter of fruit and leaf thickness. Leaf width was significantly correlated with leaf thickness and longitudinal diameter of fruit. Leaf stalk length was significantly correlated with diameter of the second branch， length of the second branch internode. Altitude was significantly positively correlated with leaf thickness， but significantly negatively correlated with leaf length， leaf width and length of the second branch internode. The results of cluster analysis showed that 142 germplasm materials could be divided into 4 categories when the Euclidean distance was 4.5， The I， II， III and IV categories contained 49， 54， 27 and 12 germplasms， respectively. Categories I and II represent the majority of wild germplasms from the Guangxi region. Most artificial cultivation germplasms are classified into Category III， which may have advantages in terms of yield. Category IV germplasms mainly originate from higher altitude areas and may exhibit better cold resistance. Principal component analysis showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the five principal components was 68.25%. Principal component 1 and principal component 2 mainly reflected leaf and branch related indicators， while principal component 3， principal component 4 and principal component 5 mainly reflected fruit related indicators. The comprehensive evaluation results showed that the top ten germplasms were all from Chongzuo City， including 5 cultivated germplasms and 5 wild germplasms， which could provide excellent parents for the breeding and improvement of new varieties of E. scandens.