1.福建省农业科学院水稻研究所/福建省稻种质资源库,福州 350018;2.福建省农业科学院农业生物资源研究所,福州 350003
主要从事水稻种质资源研究,E-mail:yenwenchun@yeah. net; 朱业宝为共同第一作者
王金英,主要从事水稻种质资源研究,E-mail:wjy2233@126. com
张海峰,主要从事作物种质资源研究,E-mail:13600828002@126. com
福建省科技计划项目—省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2021R1023005);5511协同创新工程项目 (XTCXGC2021019-SDS01,XTCXGC2021001)
1.Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/The Fujian Provincial Germplasm Bank for Rice, Fuzhou 350018;2.Agricultural Bio-resources Research Institute,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou 350003
Foundation projects: Fujian Provincial Science and Technology Plan Project - Fundamental Research Project of Provincial Public Welfare Research Institutes (2021R1023005);5511 Collaborative Innovation Project(XTCXGC2021019-SDS01,XTCXGC2021001)
从国家水稻数据中心审定公告中提取 2000-2023年间福建省审定水稻品种的主要农艺性状、稻瘟病抗性及稻米品质性状等数据进行统计分析,揭示不同年份这些性状的演化趋势及品种的分布频次,为今后福建省水稻新品种的选育提供思路和参考。结果表明, 24年间福建省共审定609个水稻品种,按亚种类型分为籼稻593个、籼粳交14个、粳稻2个,按育种方式分为杂交稻580个、常规稻29个。福建选育和种植的品种以籼稻为主,三系杂交稻育种是福建育种的强项。609个品种的产量主要集中在450~650 kg/667 m2,随着年份的推进,产量总体呈上升趋势;4个产量构成性状年际间变化趋势为:2000-2013年,亩有效穗总体呈下降趋势,每穗粒数、千粒重总体呈上升趋势,2014-2023年,亩有效穗、每穗粒数和千粒重总体比较平稳,结实率年际间呈波动状态。产量与穗长、每穗粒数、结实率和千粒重呈极显著正相关,与亩有效穗呈极显著负相关。稻瘟病抗性表现为中抗及以上的水稻品种有228个,优质稻品种有310个;6个稻米品质性状年际间呈波动状态,2019-2023年审定的水稻品种整精米率、碱消值、胶稠度呈上升趋势,垩白度、透明度呈下降趋势,直链淀粉含量比较平稳,稻米品质性状优质达标率逐步提高。
The data on main agronomic traits, blast resistance, and rice quality of certified rice varieties in Fujian province from 2000 to 2023 were extracted from the certification announcements of the National Rice Data Center for statistical analysis. The results help to reveal the evolutionary trends of these traits and the distribution frequency of certified rice varieties in different years, and provide insights for developing new rice breeding in the future in Fujian province. The results showed that a total of 609 rice varieties were certified in Fujian province in the past 24 years. They were classified into 593 indica rice, 14 indica-japonica hybrids, 2 japonica rice by the subspecies, and 580 hybrid rice,29 conventional rice by breeding method. The varieties bred and planted in Fujian were mainly indica rice. In Fujian province, three-line hybrid rice breeding is the strong point. The yields of these rice varieties mainly ranged from 450 to 650 kg/667 m2, and appeared a general upward trend with the increase of years. The inter-annual trends of four yield components were as follows: in 2000-2013, the number of fertile panicles per unit area presented a downward trend, while spikelets per panicle and 1000-grain weight showed a general upward trend; but in 2014-2023, the number of fertile panicles per unit area, spikelets per panicle, 1000-grain weight remained stable in general; the seed setting rate fluctuated between years. Grain yield showed significantly positively correlated with panicle length, spikelets per panicle, seed setting rate, and 1000-grain weight, but had significantly negatively correlated with the number of fertile panicles per unit area. Among these 609 rice varieties, 228 varieties showed moderate to high resistant to blast, and 310 varieties were high quality rice. The six traits of rice quality displayed a fluctuating state with years. The certified rice varieties in 2019-2023 showed an upward trends of whole milled rice rate, alkali digestibility value, and gel consistency, and a downward trend of chalkiness, transparence, and a stable trend of amylose content, and a gradually increase of the rate of achieving high-quality rice standards.
江川,朱业宝,陈立喆,等.福建省