The production of virus-free sweetpotato seedlings through direct field cultivation of tissue-cultured seedlings or minituber-derived seedlings has become a promising propagation technology for widespread application. In order to investigate the differential effects of these two propagation methods on field performance， yield and quality across sweetpotato varieties， we conducted a comparative study using 12 sweetpotato varieties with both methodologies. The results showed that： （1） Photosynthetic characteristics - Tissue-cultured seedlings of Mingmenjinshi， Shenglibaihao， Ningzishu 4 and Pushu 32 exhibited significantly higher photosynthetic activity and pigment content compared to minituber-derived seedlings， whereas Shangshu 19 showed the opposite trend. （2） Tuber yield - Tissue-cultured seedlings of Mingmenjinshi， Shenglibaihao and Ningzishu 4 produced 30.95%， 21.90% and 14.67% higher fresh tuber yield， respectively， but Shangshu 19 tissue-cultured seedlings yielded 10.42% less than their minituber-derived seedlings. （3） Tuber quality - Crude starch content of Ningzishu 4 tissue-cultured seedlings， soluble sugar content of Hongyao tissue-cultured seedlings， soluble sugar content and crude protein content of Mashali tissue-cultured seedlings， crude protein content of Pushu 32 tissue- cultured seedlings were all significantly lower than minituber-derived seedlings. Crude starch content of Jinhaimeixiu tissue-cultured seedlings was significantly higher than minituber-derived seedlins， but reducing sugar and soluble sugar of tissue-cultured seedlings were significantly lower than minituber-derived seedlings. Dry matter rate of Mingmenjinshi tissue-cultured seedlings were significantly higher than minituber-derived seedlings. （4） Correlation analysis revealed distinct relationships between photosynthesis parameters and tuber quality； only water use efficiency and dry matter content showed negative correlation in tissue-cultured seedlings， whereas net photosynthetic rate， water use efficiency， and carboxylation efficiency had significant effects on the fresh potato quality of minituber-derived seedlings. This study can provide a theoretical basis for optimizing the use of tissue-cultured and minituber-derived propagation methods for different sweetpotato varieties.