1.中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所/国家园艺种质资源库/河南省果树瓜类生物学重点实验室,郑州 450000;2.中国农业科学院中原研究中心,河南新乡 453000;3.中国农业科学院西部农业研究中心,新疆昌吉 831100
研究方向为桃种质资源香气评价与利用,E-mail:lgz_05@163.com
吴金龙,研究方向为桃种质资源与品质调控,E-mail:wujinlong@caas.cn
王力荣,研究方向为桃种质资源与遗传育种,E-mail:wanglirong@caas.cn
国家重点研发计划(2023YFE0105400);中国农业科学院科技创新工程(CAAS-ASTIP-ZFRI-01);河南省顶尖人才培养计划(244500510019)
1.Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Horticulture Germplasm Resources Center/Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fruit and Cucurbit Biology, Zhengzhou 450000;2.Zhongyuan Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453000, Henan;3.Institute of Western Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji 831100, Xinjiang
National Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFE0105400);Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS-ASTIP-ZFRI-01);Top Talent Training Program in Henan Province(244500510019)
以光核桃029-1、红根甘肃桃1号、帚形山桃、新疆黄肉、桃形扁桃、中碧早香菊、早上海水蜜和探春为试验材料,利用顶空固相微萃取结合气相色谱-质谱联用技术(HS-SPEM-GC-MS)检测桃花挥发性物质成分,并通过气味活性值(OAV,odor activity value)、主成分分析(PCA,principal component analysis)和正交偏最小二乘-判别分析(OPLS-DA,orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis)鉴定不同样本的特征香气和主要香气物质。结果表明,8份桃花中共鉴定出14类471种挥发性物质,其中物质种类较为丰富的是杂环化合物、萜类和酯类,分别为78种、77种和66种,而物质含量较高的是杂环化合物、酮类和醇类物质,总含量分别为4473460.22 μg/kg、539998.06 μg/kg、480975.72 μg/kg。基于OAV值,以变量投影重要性(VIP,variable importance in projection)> 1,P < 0.05为标准,筛选到14种关键差异挥发性物质,其中丁基苯的VIP值最高(2.72),其次是大马士酮(2.50)。通过香气特征分析,发现青草香、脂肪香和蜡味是桃花中主要的香气特征,其中光核桃029-1的香气类型以青草香、脂肪香、蜡味、甜瓜香、黄瓜香为主,坚果香为辅;红根甘肃桃1号、中碧早香菊的香气类型以青草香、脂肪香、蜡味、甜瓜香、黄瓜香、果香为主,清新、药草香、坚果香为辅;帚形山桃的香气类型以青草香、脂肪香、蜡味、甜瓜香、黄瓜香、果香、坚果香为主,清新、药草香为辅。
To identify the characteristic aroma and main aroma substances of different samples, the volatile components of the peach blossoms of eight genotypes including Guanghetao 029-1, Honggengansutao 1, Zhouxingshantao, Xinjianghuangrou, Taoxingbiantao, Zhongbizaoxiangju, Zaoshanghaishuimi and Tanchun were detected by headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPEM-GC-MS), followed by data analysis using odor activity value (OAV), principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). The results showed that a total of 471 volatile substances in 14 categories were identified in eight peach blossom samples, mainly including heterocyclic compounds, terpenoids and esters, with a number of 78, 77 and 66 components, respectively. The highest content of heterocyclic compounds, ketones and alcohols were 4473460.22 μg/kg, 539998.06 μg/kg and 480975.72 μg/kg, respectively. Based on the variable importance in projection (VIP>1, P<0.05), 14 key volatile substances were screened, among which the VIP value of butylbenzene was the highest (2.72), followed by β-Damascenone (2.50). Through analysis of aroma characteristics, mainly green, fatty and waxy aroma types in eight peach blossoms were found. The aroma types of Guanghetao 029-1 were mainly green, fatty, waxy, melon and cucumber, supplemented by nutty aroma. The aroma types of Honggengansutao 1 and Zhongbizaoxiangju were mainly green, fatty, waxy, melon, cucumber and fruit, supplemented by fresh, herbal and nutty aromas. The aroma types of Zhouxingshantao are mainly green, fatty, waxy, melon, cucumber, fruit and nutty, supplemented by fresh and herbal aromas.
李桂芝,吴金龙,王力荣.桃及其主要近缘种花挥发性物质成分的鉴定与香气特征分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2025,26(8):1663-1679.
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