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首页 > 过刊浏览>2025年第26卷第6期 >1177-1190. DOI:10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20241214001
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木薯新选048自交系采后生理腐烂（PPD）抗性评价及其生理变化分析
作者:
作者单位:

1.广西南亚热带农业科学研究所，崇左 532415;2.广西壮族自治区农业科学院经济作物研究所，南宁530007;3.广西大学农学院，南宁 530000;4.中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所，海口 571101

作者简介:

研究方向为木薯新品种选育与逆境生理机理，E-mail：675095618@qq.com；

通讯作者:

李天元，研究方向为作物逆境调控，E-mail：1650204803@qq.com
韦婉羚，研究方向为木薯逆境生理与遗传育种，E-mail：hxxx1991@163.com

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划项目（2023YFD1600601）；广西自然科学基金（2024GXNSFBA010406，2024GXNSFAA010006）；广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项（桂农科2023YM27，桂农科2023YM28，桂农科2021YT157）


Evaluation of Postharvest Physiological Deterioration （PPD） Resistance and Analysis of Physiological Changes in Cassava Cultivar Xinxuan 048 Inbred Lines
Author:
Affiliation:

1.Guangxi South Subtropical Agricultural Science Research Institute， Chongzuo 532415;2.Cash Crops Research Institute， Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Nanning 530007;3.College of Agriculture， Guangxi University， Nanning 530000;4.Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology， Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences， Haikou 571101

Fund Project:

Foundation projects： National Key Research and Development Program Project of China （2023YFD1600601）； Guangxi Natural Science Foundation （2024GXNSFBA010406， 2024GXNSFAA010006）； Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences Basic Research Business Special Project （Guinongke 2023YM27， Guinongke 2023YM28， Guinongke 2021YT157）

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    摘要:

    “采后生理腐烂”（PPD， postharvest physiological deterioration）严重制约木薯商品化进程。本研究以木薯新选048自交系的166个种质为研究对象，观察评价木薯块根采后贮藏0 d、6 d、12 d、18 d、24 d和30 d的生理腐烂程度，并取样测定块根的相关生理指标。结果显示，X045、X126、X077、X088和X147出现褐化时间较晚，且于贮藏第30 d褐化面积均小于10%（PPD一级），耐贮性较好；而X024、X062、X085、X100和X133出现褐化时间较早，贮藏24 d时褐化面积均达50%以上，30 d褐化面积达100%（PPD六级），耐贮性差；这些种质可作为木薯耐贮性育种的优异资源。耐贮藏种质干物质和淀粉含量较低，β-胡萝卜素含量较高。MDA含量、抗氧化酶（SOD、CAT、POD）活性在贮藏后期显著上升，不耐贮藏种质酶活性增幅更大。相关性分析表明，种质褐化面积与干物质含量、淀粉含量、POD酶活性极显著正相关，与SOD和CAT酶活性、MDA含量显著正相关，与β-胡萝卜素含量显著负相关。可见，木薯块根干物质含量、淀粉含量高的种质较容易发生采后生理腐烂，PPD抗性差。研究结果为木薯耐贮性育种、抗PPD机制解析奠定基础，对于木薯壮大发展具有重要意义。

    Abstract:

    Postharvest physiological deterioration （PPD） poses a significant constraint to the commercialization of cassava. In this study， we evaluated 166 germplasms from Xinxuan 048 （XX048） inbred cassava line. The degree of tuber decay was assessed at 0， 6， 12， 18， 24 and 30 days postharvest， with corresponding physiological indicators measured. The results showed that X045， X126， X077， X088， and X147 browning occurred later. Notably the browning areas in the five germplasms remained below 10% （PPD Grade 1） by 30 day， indicating superior storage tolerance. In contrast， X024， X062， X085， X100， and X133 showed browning occurred earlier. After 24 days， the browning area in these germplasms exceeded 50%， and reaching 100% （PPD Grade 6） by 30 day， demonstrating their poor storage tolerance. These germplasms can serve as excellent resources for storage tolerance cassava breeding. Starch and dry matter contents are lower in storable germplasms， while β-carotene content is higher. MDA content and antioxidant enzyme （SOD， CAT， POD） activities increase significantly in the late storage phase， and greater increments in non-storable germplasms. Correlation analysis showed that the browning area was positively correlated with dry matter content， starch content and POD enzyme activity， while also showing positive associations with SOD and CAT enzyme activity as well as MDA content. Conversely， a negative correlation was observed with β-carotene content. These results suggest that cassava tubers with high dry matter content and starch content are more susceptible to postharvest decay and exhibit weak PPD resistance. This study provides valuable data for investigating the mechanisms underlying PPD resistance in cassava and supports the breeding of PPD-resistant varieties. The identified germplasms offer a foundation for further research on storage tolerance， PPD resistance mechanisms， and cassava breeding program. These findings hold significant implications for cassava cultivation and postharvest management.

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黄珍玲,阮丽霞,严华兵,等.木薯新选048自交系采后生理腐烂（PPD）抗性评价及其生理变化分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2025,26(6):1177-1190.

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