Selfing populations serve as one of the important approaches for breeding new cassava varieties. In this study， 99 accessions derived from the selfing population of the edible cassava variety Gui 11 were phenotypically evaluated. Genetic diversity analysis was conducted using the coefficient of variation， genetic diversity index， correlation and principal component analysis， SSR molecular markers， and cluster analysis. The results showed that the accessions exhibited significant differences across 43 trait indicators. For the 33 qualitative traits， the frequency distribution ranged from 1.01% to 98.99%， with the highest in fruiting sterility. The genetic diversity index ranged from 0.06 to 1.59， with the highest in branching grade and the lowest in fruiting. For the 10 quantitative traits， the coefficient of variation ranged from 13.49% to 62.30%， with the highest in branching height and the lowest in internode length. The genetic diversity index ranged from 1.78 to 2.09， with the highest in leaflet length and the lowest in plant height. Principal component analysis revealed 15 principal components and identified 27 key phenotypic discriminators， including inner cortex color of the main stem， young stem color， vein color， and apical leaf color， were identified as key indicators for evaluating the selfing population. SSR analysis using 24 primer pairs produced 148 bands， with a polymorphism rate of 83.56% and genetic similarity coefficients ranging from 0.48 to 0.91. Accession-94 showed the highest genetic similarity coefficient （0.78） to Gui 11， while accession-143 showed the lowest （0.59）. Collectively， this study identified a set of specific germplasms and intermediate materials through the evaluation of the Gui 11 selfing population， thus enriching the genetic diversity of cassava germplasm resources in China and providing a foundation for breeding new edible cassava varieties.