山西农业大学园艺学院
山西农业大学生物育种工程(YZGC118);山西省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(2024CYJSTX08-02)
Shanxi Agricultural University Bio-breeding Project(YZGC118);Earmarked Fund for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System of Shanxi Province(2024CYJSTX08-02)
西葫芦(Cucurbita pepo L.)雄性不育败育发生机理的研究对推动其杂交种选育及制种具有重要价值。以西葫芦雄性不育株(X-MS)和可育株(X-MF)为试材,通过转录组测序及内源激素含量、抗氧化酶活性、蔗糖和淀粉含量测定,结果表明:从四分体时期(T1)、单核早期(T2)、单核中后期(T3)、双核期(T4)到开花前两天时期(T5),X-MS内源激素含量随着花蕾发育过程呈现亏缺等异常、抗氧化酶活性呈现异常改变及淀粉和蔗糖含量总体呈现亏缺的变化趋势。从T1到T3,转录组测序共鉴定到1947个差异表达基因,911个上调,1036个下调。GO富集分析表明催化活性、结合功能、细胞过程、代谢过程是分子功能、生物过程注释最多条目。KEGG注释发现,差异基因主要富集在植物激素信号传导、苯丙烷类生物合成、淀粉和蔗糖代谢、氨基糖和核苷酸糖代谢等通路。通过对富集基因数目较多的植物激素信号传导、苯丙烷类生物合成、淀粉和蔗糖代谢途径进行分析,进一步筛选出与过氧化物酶、蔗糖合酶、生长素相关的基因。这些基因可能在雄性不育西葫芦花粉发育过程中起到重要的作用,此研究为进一步研究西葫芦雄性不育的分子机制提供了参考。
Research on abortion and the mechanism of Cucurbita pepo L male infertility is of great value for promoting breeding and hybrids production. Taking the male sterile plants (X-MS) and fertile plants (X-MF) of zucchini as test materials, through transcriptome sequencing, as well as the determination of endogenous hormone contents, antioxidant enzyme activities, sucrose and starch contents, the results showed that from the tetrad stage (T1), early uninucleate stage (T2), middle to late uninucleate stage (T3), binucleate stage (T4) to two days before flowering stage (T5), the endogenous hormone contents in X-MS showed deficits and other abnormalities as the development of flower buds, the antioxidant enzyme activities showed abnormal changes, and starch and sucrose contents generally showed a shortfall trend. From T1 to T3, 1,947 differentially expressed genes were identified through transcriptome sequencing, among which 911 were up-regulated and 1036 were down-regulated. GO enrichment analysis indicated that catalytic activity, binding function, cellular process, and metabolic process were the most annotations in molecular function and biological process. KEGG annotation found that the differential genes were mainly enriched in pathways such as plant hormone signal transduction, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, starch and sucrose metabolism, and amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism. By analyzing the pathways of plant hormone signal transduction, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and starch and sucrose metabolism, further screening for genes related to peroxidase, sucrose synthase, and IAA. These genes may play important roles in the pollen development process of zucchini of male sterile, and provide a reference for further research on the molecular mechanism of male sterility in zucchini.