1.海南大学热带农林学院, 海口 570228;2.中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所/国家热带作物中期库/ 海南省热带作物资源遗传改良与创新重点实验室,儋州 571737;3.云南农业大学热带作物学院,普洱 665099
研究方向为植物种质资源保存,E-mail:1822371302@qq.com
徐 立,研究方向为种质资源学,E-mail:xllzy@263.net
中央级科研事业单位基本科研业务费项目(1630032022010,1630032023011)
MIAO Xiuqing
College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228;Tropical Crop Germplasm Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/National Gene Bank of Tropical Crops/Hainan Province Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Germplasm Resources Genetic Improvement and Innovation, Danzhou 5717371.College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228;2.Tropical Crop Germplasm Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/National Gene Bank of Tropical Crops/Hainan Province Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Germplasm Resources Genetic Improvement and Innovation, Danzhou 571737;3.College of Tropical Crops, Yunnan Agricultural University, Pu'er 665099
Foundation project: Basic Scientific Research Business Expense Projects of Central-level Scientific Research Institutions(1630032022010, 1630032023011)
木薯(Manihot esculenta Crantz)作为重要的粮食与经济作物,其种质资源保存意义重大。目前小滴玻璃化法是操作最为简便、应用最广的茎尖超低温保存手段,但并未对木薯茎尖小滴玻璃化法进行系统优化。为此本研究首先对木薯茎尖小滴玻璃化法超低温保存过程中的关键步骤进行优化,结果发现,在加载液处理前增加4 h蔗糖预培养搭配PVS2植物玻璃化溶液冰上冷冻保护50~60 min,能显著提升冷冻保存效果,但15个木薯品种的适用性测试结果不理想。因此本研究随后对茎尖超低温保存后的再生培养基进行优化,发现再生培养基中去除奈乙酸(NAA)和添加较低浓度的6-苄氨基嘌呤(6-BA)可避免冷冻后茎尖形成愈伤组织从而提高再生率,最终得到优化再生培养基RMB2:0.09 μmol/L 6-苄氨基嘌呤+0.23 μmol/L赤霉素+4.4 g/L MS培养基+30 g/L蔗糖+7 g/L琼脂。木薯COL777、SC8002经冷冻保存后在RMB2上培养再生率分别为86%和69%。RMB2的7个木薯品种的测试发现,有4个木薯品种经冷冻保存后茎尖再生率达到30%以上。综合来说,80%的木薯品种经优化后超低温保存技术冷冻保存后获得30%以上的再生率,这一结果也使小滴玻璃化法具有更加广泛的品种适用性。本研究构建的小滴玻璃化法超低温保存体系简便高效,可有力推动木薯种质资源超低温保存工作的开展,更好地保护木薯种质资源。
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz), as an important food and economic crop, has significant implications for the conservation of its germplasm resources. Currently, the droplet-vitrification method is the most straightforward and widely applied technique for cryopreservation of shoot tips, but systematic optimization of this method for cassava shoot tips has not been conducted. Therefore, this study first optimized the key steps in the droplet-vitrification cryopreservation process for cassava shoot tips. This study found that adding a 4-hour sucrose preculture before treatment with loading solution, combined with ice-cold protection using PVS2 plant vitrification solution for 50 to 60 minutes, significantly improved the cryopreservation effect. However, the applicability test results for fifteen cassava varieties were unsatisfactory. Consequently, this study proceeded to optimize the regeneration medium after cryopreservation of shoot tips and found that removing 1-naphthaleneacetic acid(NAA) and adding a lower concentration of 6-benzylaminopurine(6-BA) in the regeneration medium could prevent the formation of callus from the shoot tips after freezing, thereby improving the regeneration rate. Ultimately, an optimized regeneration medium, designated as RMB2, was developed: 0.09 μmol/L 6-BA + 0.23 μmol/L GA3 + 4.4 g/L MS + 30 g/L Sucrose + 7 g/L Agar. The regeneration rates of cassava varieties COL777 and SC8002 after cryopreservation and culture on RMB2 were 86% and 69%, respectively. Testing of seven varieties on RMB2 revealed that four varieties achieved shoot tip regeneration rates above 30% after cryopreservation. Overall, 80% of the cassava varieties tested achieved regeneration rates above 30% after cryopreservation using the optimized droplet-vitrification method, making this method more widely applicable across different genotypes. The cryopreservation system established in this study, based on the droplet-vitrification method, is simple and efficient, which can effectively promote the cryopreservation of cassava germplasm resources and better safeguard them.
苗秀清,王敏瑞,李志英,等.木薯茎尖小滴玻璃化法超低温保存技术优化[J].植物遗传资源学报,2025,26(6):1191-1201.
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