1.山西农业大学小麦研究所;2.山西农业大学谷子研究所
山西省基础研究计划项目(202103021223156); 山西省农业关键核心技术攻关(NYGG26-1);山西省科技成果转化引导专项(202304021301052)
Institute of Wheat,Shanxi Agricultural University
Shanxi Provincial Basic Research Program (202103021223156); Shanxi Provincial Agricultural Key Core Technology Tackling (NYGG26-1); Shanxi Provincial Scientific and Technological Achievement Transformation Guiding Special Project (202304021301052)
为加快旱地小麦优质种质资源的创制,丰富遗传多样性,本研究采用EMS(甲基磺酸乙酯)诱变技术构建了小麦长6990突变体库,并对其表型性状和高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS)进行了系统筛选。通过对M2群体中20331个单株进行表型性状统计分析,共发现3244个突变单株,涵盖茎秆、叶片、芒、穗型、育性和生育期等10个表型特征,总突变率为15.96%。此外,对收获的2064份突变材料进行表型分析,筛选出25份籽粒突变材料,突变类型包括粒长、粒色和饱满度等,突变率为1.21%。通过SDS-PAGE鉴定,共筛选出23份HMW-GS缺失突变材料,占突变材料的1.11%,表现为Glu-B1和Glu-D1位点中Bx7、By9、Dx5、Dy10单亚基缺失。本研究采用EMS诱变技术,创制了类型丰富的表型突变体和HMW-GS突变材料,有效消除了遗传背景差异对小麦品质性状的潜在干扰,为旱地小麦品质育种提供了宝贵的遗传资源,并为深入理解小麦品质性状与遗传变异之间的关系提供了重要的基础数据。
To accelerate the creation of high-quality germplasm resources for drought-resistant wheat and enrich genetic diversity, this study constructed a mutant library of wheat Chang 6990 using EMS (ethyl methanesulfonate) mutation technology and systematically screened its phenotypic traits and high molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS). A phenotypic analysis of 20,331 individual plants from the M2 population identified 3,244 mutant plants, covering 10 phenotypic traits, including stem, leaf, awn, spike type, fertility, and growth period, with a total mutation rate of 15.96%. Additionally, a phenotypic analysis of 2,064 harvested mutant materials revealed 25 grain mutants, with mutation types including grain length, color, and fullness, yielding a mutation rate of 1.21%. Through SDS-PAGE identification, a total of 23 HMW-GS deletion mutants were screened, which showed the deletion of Bx7, By9, Dx5 and Dy10 in Glu-B1 and Glu-D1 loci. In this study, EMS mutagenesis technology was used to create abundant phenotypic mutants and HMW-GS mutant materials, which effectively eliminated the potential interference of genetic background differences on wheat quality traits, provided valuable genetic resources for dryland wheat quality breeding, and provided important basic data for in-depth understanding of the relationship between wheat quality traits and genetic variation.