To gain a comprehensive understanding of the current status and genetic diversity characteristics of garlic germplasm resources in Guangdong province， this study was conducted under the framework of “The Third National Survey and Collection Action on Crop Germplasm Resource” and “Special Project for the General Survey and Collection of Crop Germplasm Resources in Guangdong Province”. Field investigations and collection activities were systematically carried out across 122 counties （cities/districts） of Guangdong province from 2016 to 2022. During 2022-2023， 15 agronomic traits （including nine quantitative and six qualitative traits） of the collected garlic accessions were evaluated through combined field cultivation observations and laboratory-based morphological characterization. The results show that a total of 200 accessions of local garlic varieties and wild resources were collected. Geographically， galic germplasm resources were found in 58 counties （cities/districts） across 15 prefecture-level cities. Qingyuan having the highest number of collections （23 accessions）， followed by Yunfu （22）， Zhaoqing （21）， Shaoguan （19）. The results show that Guangdong local garlic germplasm resources contain relatively rich genetic diversity， and there are significant differences in various traits among germplasm resources. For example， plant height ranges from 45.00 to 85.00 cm， plant width from 15 to 60 cm， weight per bulb from 13.35 to 49.49 g. Qualitative traits， such as plant architecture and bulb skin color， also showed polymorphism. Cluster analysis divided the resources into four main groups. Correlation analysis indicated significant positive correlation between plant height and weight per bulb and leaf length. Finally， five excellent garlic resources suitable for cultivation in Guangdong province were selected. These varieties feature bulb diameters exceeding 6 cm， weight per bulb ranging from 45 to 50 g， leaf length between 42-56 cm， and oblate-spherical shape. They combine high yield， superior quality， and a distinctive flavor profile. This study systematically documented the local garlic variety resources in Guangdong province， providing an important insights for the selection and breeding of new garlic varieties， and laying a solid foundation for the conservation and utilization of germplasm resources.