Saline-alkaline stress， a major abiotic constraint limiting the hulless barley growth and development， underscores the importance of screening tolerant germplasm resources for comprehensive utilization of saline-alkaline land. In this study， 333 hulless barley germplasm resources were evaluated under saline-alkaline stress at the germination stage. Germination potential （GP）， germination rate （GR）， root length （RL）， germ length （GL）， root dry weight （RDW）， and germ dry weight （GDW） were assessed to identify the key tolerance indicators and resilient varieties. Index variation analysis showed that GR was the most significantly inhibited parameter under saline-alkaline stress. Further validation using PLS-DA discriminant， Random Forest， and LASSO regression confirmed GR and GL as robust indicators highly correlated with saline-alkaline stress. Through integrated D-value correlation and gray correlation analysis， GL exhibited the strongest association with stress response. Cluster analysis classified the 333 germplasms into five distinct tolerance categories. Based on comprehensive D-value evaluation of GR and GL， thirteen extremely saline-alkaline-tolerant and ten saline-alkaline-hypersensitive varieties were identified. These extreme germplasms can serve as optimal parental lines for breeding programs， as well as provide foundational material for uncovering key regulatory genes and elucidating molecular mechanism governing saline-alkaline tolerance during critical growth stages of hulless barley.