Oryza granulata is one of China′s three wild rice germplasm resources. Compared with Oryza rufipogon and Oryza officinalis， it exhibits more distinct scarcity and endangerment status， with relatively limited applications in rice breeding and fundamental research. Since 2021， supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China "Rescue Conservation of Rare and Endangered Germplasm Resources of Major Grain and Oil Crops"， this study has systematically carried out investigation， collection and protection of O. granulata germplasm resources in China. We have clarified its distribution patterns and endangered status， collected 631 accessions from 57 populations in Hainan and Yunnan provinces， and developed integrated preservation techniques including germplasm nursery conservation， meristem propagation and preservation， and simulated in situ conservation， thereby achieving secure preservation of the collected resources. Additionally， four new in situ conservation sites were established. Consequently， an integrated conservation system combining ex situ and in situ approaches has been established for O. granulata， which preserves its genetic diversity and stability. Our study provided crucial support for the subsequent rescue conservation and utilization of O. granulata germplasm resources.