To analyze the genetic diversity of phenotypic traits in potato germplasm resources， a total of 182 potato germplasm accessions collected from domestic and international sources were used as research materials. Shannon-Wiener index， correlation analysis， principal component analysis， hierarchical cluster analysis and other analytical methods were comprehensively applied to identify and evaluate their phenotypic traits. The results revealed abundant genetic diversity in the phenotypic traits of potato germplasm resources. For descriptive traits， the shannon-wiener index ranged from 0.650 to 1.440， and tuber flesh color showed the highest shannon-wiener index. For numerical traits， the coefficient of variation varied from 12.46% to 31.23%， where reducing sugar content had the maximum coefficient of variation； the shannon-wiener index was 1.885 to 2.091， and tuber yield showed the highest shannon-wiener index. Correlation analysis showed that tuber yield was significantly or extremely significantly positively correlated with branch number and lobular growth density. Principal component analysis extracted eight principal components， which accounted for 62.512% of the total cumulative variance. Hierarchical cluster analysis classified all the germplasm resources into three distinct groups： group Ⅰ had the highest mean tuber yield， group Ⅱ showed the highest mean reducing sugar content， and group Ⅲ presented the highest mean starch content. The membership function method was used to calculate the comprehensive score for a comprehensive evaluation of germplasm resources， and 10 elite germplasm resources including Ранний， Notach， 674-5， Bo S， Ninglang No. 5 ， Bo PI， Minshu No.3， 78-16， 78-13 and NS78-6 were screened out. This provides a scientific basis for the rational utilization and efficient research of potato germplasm resources.