摘要
马铃薯孢囊线虫(PCN,potato cyst nematode)是马铃薯中重要的检疫性病害,可造成马铃薯减产80%。近年来,据报道西南地区多个马铃薯主产区发现马铃薯金线虫(Globodera rostochiensis)。为了我国马铃薯生产安全,筛选马铃薯孢囊抗性种质资源、选育抗性品种迫在眉睫。本研究利用前人报道的抗性分子标记N146、N195、57R、TG689、Gro1-4-1和Gpa2-2,对云南省农业科学院保存的875份马铃薯种质资源进行马铃薯孢囊线虫抗性标记筛选。筛选到211份资源含有马铃薯金线虫抗性基因H1分子标记(N146、N195、57R和TG689),其中114份资源中同时含有4个分子标记;7份资源含有马铃薯金线虫抗性基因Gro1-4分子标记Gro1-4-1;237份资源中含有马铃薯白线虫抗性基因Gpa2分子标记Gpa2-2。本研究结果将为马铃薯孢囊线虫抗性育种提供技术支撑和材料基础。
马铃薯孢囊线虫(PCN,potato cyst nematode)是马铃薯中最重要的植物寄生线虫。其中马铃薯金线虫(Globodera rostochiensis)和马铃薯白线虫(G. pallida)是中国及多个国家重要的检疫有害生
聚合多个抗性基因是培育对马铃薯孢囊线虫具有持久、广谱抗性品种最常用的方法。通过鉴定与抗性基因紧密连锁的分子标记可以快速、准确地鉴定抗病材料,提高聚合育种的效
马铃薯孢囊线虫一直是我国重要的检疫性病害。中国马铃薯生产区报道发现马铃薯孢囊线虫发生之前,国内马铃薯育种单位鲜少关注马铃薯孢囊线虫抗性育种。因此,系统性地对马铃薯资源进行抗孢囊线虫材料的筛选是发现抗性亲本并开展马铃薯孢囊线虫抗性育种的前提。本研究利用抗性分子标记对云南省农业科学院保存的马铃薯种质资源进行马铃薯金线虫和白线虫的抗性基因检测,为抗孢囊线虫马铃薯育种提供技术储备和材料基础。
供鉴定材料共875份(详见https://doi.org/10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20221204001,
分子标记 Molecular marker | 类型 Type | 正向引物序列(5′-3′) Forward primer sequence | 反向引物序列(5′-3′) Reverse primer sequence | 扩增片段大小(bp) Fragment size | 引物量(μmol) PCR primer quantity | 参考文献 Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
57R | SCAR | TGCCTGCCTCTCCGATTTCT | GGTTCAGCAAAAGCAAGGACGTG | 450 | 4.0 |
[ |
TG689 | SCAR | TAAAACTCTTGGTTATAGCCTAT | CAATAGAATGTGTTGTTTCACCAA | 141 | 4.0 |
[ |
N146 | SCAR | AAGCTCTTGCCTAGTGCTC | AGGCGGAACATGCCATG | 506 | 2.5 |
[ |
N195 | SCAR | TGGAAATGGCACCCACTA | CATCATGGTTTCACTTGTCAC | 337 | 2.5 |
[ |
Gro1-4-1 | STS | AAGCCACAACTCTACTGGAG | GATATAGTACGTAATCATGCC | 602 | 2.5 |
[ |
Gpa2-2 | STS | GCACTTAGAGACTCATTCCA | ACAGATTGTTGGCAGCGAAA | 452 | 2.5 |
[ |
采用新型植物基因组DNA提取试剂盒(天根生化科技(北京)有限公司,北京)提取供试样品基因组总DNA,通过1%的琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测DNA的质量和浓度。利用N146、N195、57R和TG689筛选携带H1抗性资源;Gro1-4-1筛选含有Gro1-4马铃薯资源;Gpa2-2筛选携带Gpa2抗马铃薯白线虫资源。采用PCR分别扩增57R和TG689;利用多重PCR分别同时扩增N146和N195、Gro1-4-1和Gpa2-2。引物信息如
利用6个分子标记对875份马铃薯种质资源进行马铃薯孢囊线虫抗性基因筛选,鉴定到371份(42.4%)资源中含有至少1个分子标记(
序号 No. | 名称或编号 Name or code | N146 | N195 | 57R | TG689 | Gpa2-2 | Gro1-4-1 | 序号 No. | 名称或编号 Name or code | N146 | N195 | 57R | TG 689 | Gpa 2-2 | Gro1-4-1 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2 | 东川老家洋芋 | + | 83 | 缙云土豆 | + | + | + | + | + | |||||||
12 | 昆引1号 | + | 87 | 蓝花贡 | + | + | + | + | ||||||||
21 | 青洋芋 | + | + | + | + | 95 | 马丁红 | + | ||||||||
23 | 土锅洋芋 | + | 98 | 马蒙洋芋 | + | |||||||||||
26 | 兴佳2号 | + | + | + | + | 105 | 宁仓3号 | + | + | + | + | |||||
27 | 盈江红芋 | + | + | + | + | + | 110 | 丘北紫 | + | + | + | + | ||||
28 | 云选2号 | + | + | 119 | 团1420 | + | ||||||||||
37 | 白花贡 | + | 123 | 乌沙洋芋麻皮 | + | |||||||||||
49 |
本地紫马铃薯 (云南麻栗坡) | + | 125 | 五香洋芋 | + | + | ||||||||||
54 | 大窝洋芋 | + | 130 | 小糯洋芋 | + | + | + | + | ||||||||
55 | 大洋芋 | + | 147 | 东农303 | + | |||||||||||
66 | 贡山毒洋芋 | + | 149 | 陇薯6号 | + | |||||||||||
67 | 广南武鸣县一号 | + | 151 | 天薯10号 | + | + | + | + | ||||||||
78 | 黄心洋芋 | + | 152 | 天薯9号 | + | + | + | + | ||||||||
79 | 会泽红 | + | 153 | 冀张薯12号 | + | + | + | + | ||||||||
80 | 鸡窝洋芋 | + | + | + | + | 154 | 冀张薯5号 | + | + | + | + | |||||
82 | 金冠 | + | + | + | 155 | 克新19号 | + | |||||||||
159 | 合作23 | + | 254 | 302281.39 | + | |||||||||||
163 | 早大白 | + | + | 255 | 302282.28 | + | + | + | + | + | ||||||
164 | 紫云1号 | + | 261 | 302288.42 | + | + | + | + | + | |||||||
165 | 丽薯10号 | + | 262 | 302289.32 | + | + | + | + | ||||||||
167 | 川凉芋10号 | + | + | 263 | 302289.41 | + | + | + | + | + | ||||||
173 | 同薯22号 | + | 266 | 302290.23 | + | + | + | + | ||||||||
174 | 川芋50 | + | 267 | 302293.22 | + | + | + | + | ||||||||
176 | 延薯6号 | + | + | + | + | 268 | 302295.32 | + | ||||||||
177 | 延薯7号 | + | 269 | 302297.35 | + | + | + | + | ||||||||
180 | 德薯3号 | + | 271 | 302298.17 | + | |||||||||||
185 | 黔芋2号 | + | + | 273 | 302298.42 | + | ||||||||||
186 | 黔芋3号 | + | + | + | + | 274 | 302298.44 | + | + | + | + | |||||
191 | 宣薯5号 | + | + | + | + | 275 | 302299.13 | + | + | + | + | + | ||||
192 | 宣薯6号 | + | 276 | 302299.16 | + | + | + | + | ||||||||
193 | 宣薯7号 | + | 278 | 302301.19 | + | |||||||||||
196 | 云薯102 | + | + | 279 | 302302.11 | + | + | + | + | |||||||
197 | 云薯103 | + | 280 | 302302.25 | + | |||||||||||
198 | 云薯104 | + | 281 | 302302.29 | + | |||||||||||
199 | 云薯105 | + | 282 | 302305.41 | + | |||||||||||
203 | 云薯201 | + | + | + | + | 283 | 302305.46 | + | ||||||||
204 | 云薯202 | + | + | + | + | 284 | 302306.33 | + | ||||||||
206 | 云薯205 | + | + | + | + | + | 285 | 302306.36 | + | |||||||
207 | 云薯301 | + | 287 | 306087.132 | + | |||||||||||
209 | 云薯304 | + | + | + | + | 291 | 306416.68 | + | ||||||||
211 | 云薯401 | + | + | + | + | 298 | 311339.114 | + | ||||||||
212 | 云薯501 | + | 299 | 311420.14 | + | |||||||||||
213 | 云薯502 | + | 300 | 311420.19 | + | |||||||||||
215 | 云薯504 | + | + | + | + | 301 | 311420.74 | + | ||||||||
216 | 云薯505 | + | + | + | + | 303 | 311575.64 | + | ||||||||
220 | 云薯602 | + | 304 | 311612.14 | + | |||||||||||
221 | 云薯603 | + | 308 | 395436.8 | + | |||||||||||
224 | 云薯606 | + | 309 | 396004.337 | + | |||||||||||
228 | 云薯801 | + | 310 | 396241.4 | + | |||||||||||
230 | 镇薯1号 | + | 311 | 396268.9 | + | |||||||||||
233 | 郑薯1号 | + | 312 | 398098.203 | + | |||||||||||
235 | 中薯17号 | + | + | + | + | 318 | 702619 | + | ||||||||
236 | 中薯18 | + | 324 | 703287 | + | |||||||||||
239 | 中薯20号 | + | + | + | + | + | 328 | 703446 | + | |||||||
240 | 中薯5号 | + | + | + | + | + | 341 | 705483 | + | |||||||
242 | 99-12-2④ | + | + | + | + | 344 | 706190 | + | ||||||||
243 | 呼9-1③ | + | 352 | 304350.18 | + | |||||||||||
244 | 300135.14 | + | 354 | 304405.42 | + | + | + | + | + | |||||||
245 | 301029.18 | + | 355 | 388676.1 | + | |||||||||||
246 | 302278.28 | + | + | + | + | + | 356 | 391585.5 | + | + | + | + | ||||
247 | 302280.14 | + | + | + | + | + | 360 | 394034.65 | + | + | + | + | ||||
250 | 302281.15 | + | + | + | + | + | 361 | 394034.7 | + | |||||||
251 | 302281.18 | + | + | + | + | + | 362 | 394613.32 | + | |||||||
363 | 395011.2 | + | 455 | JN56 | + | + | + | + | + | |||||||
364 | 395037.107 | + | + | + | + | + | 458 | JN-69 | + | |||||||
366 | 395109.29 | + | 460 | JN-83 | + | + | ||||||||||
367 | 395109.34 | + | 466 | SP213 | + | + | + | + | ||||||||
368 | 395112.6 | + | 467 | SP241 | + | + | + | + | ||||||||
369 | 395169.17 | + | 468 | SP288 | + | + | + | + | ||||||||
370 | 396004.225 | + | + | 469 | SP327 | + | + | + | + | |||||||
371 | 396009.24 | + | + | + | + | 482 | 11364-48 | + | ||||||||
372 | 396023.109 | + | + | + | + | 484 | 320-02 | + | + | + | + | + | ||||
374 | 396029.205 | + | + | 486 | DW84-1457 | + | ||||||||||
378 | 396034.103 | + | 488 | W5281.2 | + | |||||||||||
380 | 396038.105 | + | + | 495 | A05182-7Y | + | ||||||||||
381 | 396038.107 | + | 496 | A06084-1TE | + | |||||||||||
382 | 396043.226 | + | 497 | A06336-2Y | + | |||||||||||
383 | 396244.12 | + | + | 498 | A07008-4TE | + | ||||||||||
384 | 396285.1 | + | 500 | Alturas | + | |||||||||||
385 | 397039.51 | + | 505 | COA07365-4RY | + | |||||||||||
386 | 397065.2 | + | 507 | GemStar Russet | + | |||||||||||
387 | 397079.26 | + | 509 | Huckleberry Gold | + | + | + | + | + | |||||||
388 | 397079.6 | + | 513 | PA99N2-1 | + | |||||||||||
390 | 398190.735 | + | 519 | Targhee Russet | + | |||||||||||
397 | G06-36-1 | + | 521 | shan | + | |||||||||||
398 | G06-36-22 | + | + | + | + | 522 | 日本粉皮 | + | + | + | + | + | ||||
399 | G06-38-2(大) | + | 523 | 日本紫皮 | + | + | + | + | + | |||||||
401 | G06-49-21 | + | + | + | + | + | 524 | RB-11 | + | + | + | + | ||||
404 | Amandine | + | + | + | + | 525 | RB-12 | + | ||||||||
405 | Arietis | + | + | + | + | 529 | RB-18 | + | ||||||||
406 | Asterix | + | + | + | + | 530 | RB-20 | + | ||||||||
407 | Axelle | + | + | + | + | 532 | RB-4 | + | + | + | + | |||||
409 | Colorado | + | + | + | + | + | 533 | RB-5 | + | + | + | + | ||||
410 | Fitis | + | 536 | KT.3 | + | + | + | + | ||||||||
411 | Flaive | + | + | + | + | 537 | KT-3 | + | ||||||||
412 | Fontane | + | + | + | + | 539 | 大西洋 | + | + | + | + | |||||
414 | IPT1-1 | + | + | + | + | 540 | 9173100 | + | + | |||||||
415 | kikko | + | 542 | norland | + | |||||||||||
417 | Melody | + | + | + | + | + | 544 | 克200858-22 | + | + | + | + | ||||
418 | Milva | + | + | + | + | 547 | CULTRA | + | + | + | + | + | ||||
428 | Rodriga | + | + | + | + | 552 | JW39218 | + | ||||||||
430 | Vitesse | + | + | + | + | 553 | JW5109 | + | + | + | + | |||||
432 | 何18 | + | + | 558 | Mar-63 | + | ||||||||||
435 | 何80 | + | 560 | HP84 | + | |||||||||||
437 | 37 | + | 561 | 178.12 | + | |||||||||||
439 | CDH10 | + | + | + | + | 562 | 200.3 | + | ||||||||
444 | JN-115 | + | + | 563 | 822 | + | + | |||||||||
445 | JN-15 | + | + | + | + | 564 | 824 | + | + | |||||||
451 | JN-45 | + | + | + | + | + | 568 | 393160-4 | + | |||||||
454 | JN-54 | + | 569 | 4-11 Azul | + | |||||||||||
574 | SonqoQeqorani | + | 695 | S03-1184 | + | |||||||||||
575 | B57 | + | + | 698 | S03-2348 | + | + | + | + | |||||||
576 | C1 | + | + | 700 | S03-2391 | + | + | + | + | + | ||||||
579 | D8 | + | 703 | S03-2794 | + | + | ||||||||||
582 | DE10-1037 | + | + | 704 | S03-3276(10) | + | ||||||||||
583 | DE10-1078 | + | 705 | S03-3309 | + | + | + | + | + | |||||||
585 | DE11-112-5 | + | 707 | S03-64914-z4-3 | + | + | ||||||||||
586 | DE11-1262 | + | 708 | S03-905 | + | |||||||||||
588 | DE11-283 | + | 709 | S04-109 | + | |||||||||||
589 | DE11-49-3 | + | 710 | S04-122 | + | |||||||||||
590 | DE11-69-4 | + | + | 713 | S04-2303 | + | + | + | + | + | ||||||
592 | DE11-77-2 | + | 714 | S04-2304 | + | |||||||||||
594 | DE12-1115 | + | 715 | S04-2345 | + | |||||||||||
595 | DEO2-24-24 | + | 719 | S04-3417 | + | |||||||||||
604 | G17-10-14 | + | 720 | S04-5682 | + | + | + | + | + | |||||||
606 | G17-11-6 | + | 721 | S04-6002 | + | |||||||||||
622 | G17-4-18 | + | + | + | + | + | 722 | S04-801 | + | + | + | + | ||||
657 | GYT306 | + | 724 | S04-969 | + | |||||||||||
659 | JC02-24-40 | + | 725 | S05-1375 | + | + | + | + | ||||||||
660 | JL03-627 | + | + | + | + | 726 | S05-1669 | + | ||||||||
661 | JN08-46-12 | + | 727 | S05-337 | + | |||||||||||
663 | JZS12号 | + | + | + | + | 730 | S06-122 | + | ||||||||
664 | L0529-2 | + | + | 731 | S06-1273 | + | ||||||||||
665 | LO527-4 | + | 732 | S06-1675 | + | + | ||||||||||
666 | LO528-3 | + | + | + | + | 733 | S06-1698 | + | ||||||||
668 | LU10-177 | + | 736 | S08-1244 | + | + | + | + | ||||||||
669 | LU10-29 | + | 740 | S10-1617 | + | + | ||||||||||
670 | LU10-36 | + | 749 | S10-357 | + | + | ||||||||||
671 | LU10-36St | + | 750 | S10-404-1 | + | + | + | + | + | |||||||
672 | LU10-41 | + | + | 751 | S10-404-2 | + | + | + | + | + | ||||||
673 | LU11-177 | + | 754 | S10-482 | + | + | ||||||||||
674 | LU11-321 | + | 755 | S10-499 | + | + | ||||||||||
675 | LU11-743 | + | 758 | S10-515 | + | |||||||||||
676 | OI-45 | + | + | + | + | 759 | S10-557 | + | + | + | + | |||||
677 | ON-7 | + | + | + | + | + | 760 | S10-577 | ||||||||
678 | P02-50-1 | + | + | + | + | 764 | S10-676 | + | + | + | + | + | ||||
680 | P175-2 | + | 765 | S10-698 | + | |||||||||||
682 | P190-4 | + | 768 | S10-783 | + | + | + | + | + | |||||||
685 | PB-3 | + | 769 | S10-786 | + | |||||||||||
686 | Pubula | + | + | + | + | 770 | S10-823 | + | ||||||||
687 | Pucallid | + | + | 771 | S10-993 | + | ||||||||||
688 | Pπ-10 | + | 774 | S11-1258 | + | |||||||||||
689 | S02-102 | + | + | 775 | S11-1297 | + | + | + | + | + | ||||||
690 | S02-106 | + | 777 | S11-1308 | + | |||||||||||
692 | S02-864 | + | 778 | S11-1431 | + | |||||||||||
693 | S02-91 | + | + | 779 | S11-1432 | + | + | |||||||||
694 | S03-102 | + | + | 780 | S11-1558 | + | + | + | + | |||||||
782 | S11-172 | + | 817 | S14-1747 | + | + | ||||||||||
784 | S11-2115 | + | + | + | + | + | 819 | S14-866 | + | |||||||
785 | S11-2182 | + | 820 | S14-867 | + | + | ||||||||||
786 | S11-2435 | + | 821 | S14-9 | + | |||||||||||
787 | S11-2557 | + | + | + | + | 822 | S15-1722 | + | + | + | ||||||
789 | S11-321 | + | + | 823 | S15-1957 | + | ||||||||||
790 | S11-403 | + | + | + | + | 824 | S15-2443 | + | ||||||||
791 | S11-47 | + | + | 825 | S15-2818 | + | ||||||||||
792 | S11-58 | + | + | + | 826 | S15-603 | + | |||||||||
793 | S11-847 | + | + | + | + | 827 | S15-609 | + | + | + | + | |||||
795 | S12-1612 | + | + | + | + | 828 | S16-105 | + | ||||||||
796 | S12-1946 | + | 829 | S16-744 | + | |||||||||||
798 | S12-887 | + | + | 833 | TN18 | + | + | + | + | |||||||
799 | S12-962 | + | + | + | + | + | 834 | TN22 | + | |||||||
800 | S13-1248 | + | 835 | TN40 | + | |||||||||||
801 | S13-1250 | + | 837 | TS03-136 | + | |||||||||||
802 | S13-1286 | + | + | 840 | ZY-8 | + | + | + | + | + | ||||||
803 | S13-1331 | + | + | 843 | 天05-7-35 | + | ||||||||||
804 | S13-181 | + | 846 | 威芋51-1 | + | |||||||||||
805 | S13-1998 | + | 847 | 宜4 | + | + | + | + | ||||||||
807 | S13-357 | + | + | 853 | D597 | + | + | + | + | |||||||
808 | S13-413 | + | 854 | F-2 | + | |||||||||||
809 | S13-421 | + | + | 856 | H-1 | + | ||||||||||
810 | S13-592 | + | + | + | 858 | Lengua de Venado | + | |||||||||
811 | S13-601 | + | 860 | Pucalliclla | + | + | ||||||||||
812 | S13-65 | + | 861 | SA-2563 | + | |||||||||||
814 | S13-694 | + | + | + | + | + | 865 | Solanum berthautii | + | + | + | + | ||||
816 | S13-848 | + | + |
序号同附表1;+表示供试材料含有该分子标记;序号1~146为地方品种;序号147~241为国内育成品种;序号242~539为国外材料;序号540~862为品系材料;序号863~875为马铃薯野生种。序号1~146和540~862的名称或编号为各个育种单位的原始编号;序号147~241的名称或编号为国内育成品种的原始编号;序号242、243和403~539的名称或编号为引进材料的原始编号;序号244~402的名称或编号为国际马铃薯中心统一编号
The No. is the same as Table S1; + denotes the molecular marker is present in the materials; No.1-146 is a local variety; No.147-241 is a domestic breed; No. 242-539 is foreign material; No.540-862 is the strain material; No.863-875 is a wild potato species.The name or code of No.1-146 and 540-862 are the original number of each breeding unit; The name or code of No.147-241 is the original number of domestic bred varieties; The name or code of No.242, 243 and 403-539 are the original numbers of the imported materials; The name or code of No.244-402 is the unified number of the International Potato Center
从供试材料来源分析,146份马铃薯地方品种中发现27份(18.5%)材料带有抗性标记;95个国内审定(登记)品种中,46个(48.42%)品种含有抗马铃薯孢囊线虫分子标记;从国外引进的品种(系)(298份)中发现135份(45.30%)含有抗性标记;在云南省农业科学院保存的323份马铃薯品系材料中,有162份(50.15%)含有马铃薯孢囊线虫抗性标记,仅在1份(7.69%)马铃薯野生种中检测到4个分子标记。
H1是应用最广泛的马铃薯金线虫抗性基因。目前,用于筛选含有H1抗性资源的分子标记主要有4个,即57R、TG689、N146和N195。为了更准确地筛选含有该基因的种质资源,本研究采用这4个分子标记对所有供试材料进行PCR扩增,目的条带大小分别是450 bp(57R)、141 bp(TG689)、506 bp(N146)和337 bp(N195)(

图1 部分材料马铃薯孢囊线虫抗性基因分子标记琼脂糖凝胶电泳图
Fig.1 Agarose gel electrophoresis of molecular markers for resistance genes of potato cyst nematode in some materials
1~12分别为:土锅洋芋、白花贡、盈江红芋、大窝洋芋、贡山毒洋芋、会泽红、马蒙洋芋、鸡窝洋芋、五香洋芋、小糯洋芋、黄心洋芋、会泽红。13~24分别为:克新19号、紫云1号、丽薯10号、川芋50、早大白、宣薯6号、云薯102、云薯603、云薯301、镇薯1号、郑薯1号、中薯18号。a~l分别为:300135.14、301029.18、302280.14、702619、kikko、JN-54、A05182-7Y、Huckleberry Gold、日本粉皮、RB-12、费乌瑞它、Targhee Russet。m~x分别为:DE10-1078、DE11-283、S03-905、S04-2303、S10-482、JN-115、S10-557、S10-676、S10-823、S11-1258、S11-1558、S15-609
1-12 are respectively:TuguoYangyu、 Baihuagong、Yingjianghongyu、Dawo Yangyu、GongshanduYangyu、Huizehong、Mameng Yangyu、JiwoYangyu、WuxiangYangyu、XiaonuoYangyu、HuangxinYangyu、Huizehong. 13~14 are respectively:Kexin19、Ziyun 1、Lishu10、Chuanyu50、Zaodabai、Xuanshu6、Yunshu 102、Yunshu 603、Yunshu 301、Zhenshu1、Zhengshu1、Zhongshu18. a~1 are respectively:300135.14、301029.18、302280.14、702619、kikko、JN-54、A05182-7Y、Huckleberry Gold、JapanFenpi、RB-12、Favorita、Targhee Russet. m~x are respectively:DE10-1078、DE11-283、S03-905、S04-2303、S10-482、JN-115、S10-557、S10-676、S10-823、S11-1258、S11-1558、S15-609. M:Marker
在15份马铃薯地方品种中检测到至少1个H1分子标记。其中,青洋芋、兴佳2号、盈江红芋、鸡窝洋芋、缙云土豆、蓝花贡、宁仓3号、丘北紫和小糯洋芋携带4个H1分子标记。26份国内马铃薯育种单位育成的品种中含有至少1个H1分子标记。其中,天薯9号、天薯10号、冀张薯5号、冀张薯12号、延薯6号、黔芋3号、宣薯5号、云薯201、云薯202、云薯205、云薯304、云薯401、云薯504、云薯505、中薯5号、中薯17号和中薯20号中检测到4个分子标记。81份引自国外的马铃薯资源至少含有1个H1分子标记,其中50份(61.73%)材料检测到4个H1分子标记。88份国内育种单位保存的品系材料携带至少1个H1标记,其中,37份(42.05%)品系材料含有4个分子标记。仅在马铃薯野生种S.berthautiiz中检测到4个H1分子标记。
本研究中共检测875份马铃薯资源材料,仅在地方品种缙云土豆、引自加拿大的JN115、SP213、SP241和SP327,云南省农业科学院保存的品系材料S10-577和S13-592发现有Gro1-4-1(
Dandurand
云南省农业科学院马铃薯资源库保存的种质资源主要有地方品种(云南地方品种为主)、来自国内育种单位的马铃薯品种、来自国际马铃薯中心、加拿大、荷兰、美国等国家和地区引进资源、云南省农业科学院自育品系、部分无法考证来源的品系资源和马铃薯野生种。地方品种中能够检测到的马铃薯孢囊线虫分子标记最低,仅为18.5%。云南是我国较早种植马铃薯的省份,据记载1848年以前已有不同品种。长期以来,各少数民族区域仍保留着丰富多彩的地方品
分子标记的可靠性是准确鉴定和筛选马铃薯孢囊线虫抗性材料的前提。由于世界范围内马铃薯金线虫生理小种仍以Ro1为主,H1对Ro1表现出极端抗性,该基因是欧洲和北美马铃薯品种中主要抗性来
随着马铃薯孢囊线虫生理小种的进化,需要利用除H1之外更多的马铃薯金线虫抗性基因。Gro1-4是马铃薯金线虫抗性育种中受关注的基因,Gro1-4-1是常用的分子标记。本研究中仅检测到7份材料中含有Gro1-4-1,占所有供试材料的0.80%。Asano
马铃薯白线虫生理小种复杂,防治难度更大。彭焕
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