Through analysing the achievement and the problem of collection, conservation, identification and breeding utilization for tropical genetic resources update, in the genetic improvement view the paper summarized 4 general characteristics among tropical plant species, Based on them, it was pointed out that 7 strategy concepts for conservation and enhancement, and focused on 4 key techniques in germplasm development, such as discovering functional genes, molecular marker assist selection, somatic cell regeneration and creating doubled haploid plants. The paper stressed on molecular fingerprint-based in-situ conservation, nursery, net-share of information, law making and public education, all that will play an important role in sustainable conservation of endangered tropical species.