China is the origin country of ramie (B. nivea), there are a lot of germplasm resources of Boehmeria in China. Studies on the germplasm are very important for the taxology and evolution research in genus Boehmeria as well as for the variety improving of ramie. In this paper, the origin,taxology and genetic relationships of Boehmeria were reviewed objectively and in detail. The progress in cytological and microbiological studies on Boehmeria were summaried. Suggestions are put forward for the future research on germplasm in Boehmeria .