Chinese plum (Prunus Salicina Lindl.) germplasm was an important base on breeding and production. In this paper, 405 accessions of Chinese plum germplasm resources were collected from Xiongyue Plum and Apricot Repository among National Fruit-tree Germplasm Resources, and 32 morphological and agronomic traits of them were used genetic diversity, correlation and principal component analyses. The results showed that Chinese plum resources were rich in genetic diversity; The leaf shape, fruit shape, skin color, flesh color, and so on, have high diversity. For quantitative traits, the coefficient of variation was from 47.09% ~ 14.85%, the largest fruit weight coefficient of variation was 47.09% and of range was 4.50 ~ 107.90; vitamin C content coefficient of variation was 40.44%, and ranged from 0.80 to 14.70. The correlation analysis showed internode length with annual shoot length, soluble Sugar was a positive correlation，and fruit development with soluble solids content, soluble sugar content showed a positive correlation, but with titratable acid content and vitamin C content showed the negative correlation.