In order to assess the genetic diversity, 41 peanut varieties bred in Hebei, Henan and Shandong provinces were used with methods of SSR markers, phenotypic identification and cluster analysis. Using 21 pairs of SSR primers, 41 peanut varieties were screened and 52 alleles were detected, with 2~4 alleles per locus and average of 2.5. Shannon information index of varieties ranged from 0.21 to1.40 with an average was 0.73 for each pair of primers. Cluster analysis based on SSR markers showed that 3 groups and 7 subclasses were clustered while threshold was 5.54.The coefficient of variation for nine kinds of agronomic traits were at range of 13.16%~186.49%. And the result of cluster analysis based on agronomic traits showed that these varieties were divided into 6 categories and 11 subclasses when threshold was 5.48. Varieties in each category have their own characters.