Abstract: Aster tataricus L.f. is an important and traditional medicinal plant in China but till now no systematic research has been carried out on germplasm resources. As the identification and evaluation of germplasm resources is the premise and base for the biomass and quality improvement, in this paper 44 germplasm resources were collected from its main product area Anguo in Hebei province and Bozhou in Anhui province and agronomic and quality traits had been evaluated based on the data from the field and laboratory. Besides, genetic diversity analysis was conducted by clustering method. The results showed that stem hair number, stem diameter and bud distance were top three influencing factors for seedling quality, and in terms of affecting extent are stem hair number, stem diameter and bud distance, which had also been proved by germination experiments. For all materials, except that no significant difference examined in leaf width, there were some variations in leaf length, plant height and growth potential to some extent. Dry weight and shionone content were different in very significant level. Correlation analysis showed that seedling growth potential had significantly positive relation with leaf length, leaf width and plant height but had significantly negative relation with dry weight, which had significant negative relation with shionone content. The clustering results based on similarity coefficient showed obvious regional relations. This study clarified that Asters from different regions had genetically differentiated correspondingly to adapt to the local ecological environment, which could provide the powerful theory basis and plentiful materials for the identification of elite genes and development of good varieties.