宁夏自然科学基金项目(2007Zr157)
Ningxia natural science foundation project(2007Zr157)
为了进一步研究中国枸杞种质资源的遗传多样性及其之间关系,本项目利用主成分和聚类分析方法,对宁夏保存的31份中国枸杞以及1份美国枸杞、1份韩国枸杞种质资源主要形态学性状进行了分析。结果表明,这些枸杞资源形态差异较大,遗传多样性程度较高;枸杞叶片形状、枝条硬度和颜色、花器、果实颜色等性状的演化,尤其是果实的颜色有由黑色→红色→黄色演变、叶片形状由披针→条状披针→条状演变的趋势较为明显;宁夏黄果枸杞与中宁黑果枸杞的遗传距离较远,与宁夏枸杞栽培种宁杞1号、宁杞2号遗传距离较近,再次证明宁夏黄果枸杞是宁夏枸杞的1个变种;枸杞株高、冠幅、地径、自然株型、叶片形状、枝条硬度、叶面状态、果实颜色、花的形状等在枸杞遗传性状中起支配作用,可作为枸杞新品种选育的参考指标;中国枸杞种质资源可以分为10类群,与7种3变种植物学分类结果相似;计算出了各个遗传类群之间、33份枸杞材料之间的遗传距离。
For further study genetics diversity and relation of Chinese wolfberry germplasm, main morphological characters ,31 landrace wolfberry samples originally from China, 1 sample from USA and 1sample from Republic of Korea conserved in Ningxia were analyzed by Principal component and cluster methods in this paper. Results showed that these wolfberry materials had bigger differences for morphological characters, higher diversity for genetics. Evolution trends of morphological characters that leaf shape, wattle firmness and color, fruit color and flower organ, especially, fruit color from black →red →yellow, and leaf shape from lanceolate →strip lanceolate→strip evolution trends were obviously. Genetics distance was longer between Ningxia yellow-fruit- wolfberry and Zhongning black fruit wolfberry, compared with genetics distances between Ningxia yellow-fruit- wolfberry and Ningxia wolfberry cultivars that Ningqi 1 or Ningqi 2. It confirmed again that Ningxia yellow-fruit wolfberry was a mutation of Ningxia wolfberry. Among genetic characters, wolfberry plant height, crown, ground diameter, natural plant type, foliage shape, wattle firmness, leaf position, fruit color and flower form played dominant roles. Therefore, they could be reference breeding indices for new cultivar selection. Chinese wolfberry germplasm could be clustered into 10 genetic groups. It was similar to botanical classification result that 7 species and 3 mutations. Genetic distances of between groups, as well as between 33 wolfberry materials, have been identified.
袁海静.中国枸杞种质资源主要形态学性状调查与聚类分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2013,14(4):627-633.
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