A total of 215 pairs of EST-SSR primers were used to screen the genetic diversity of peanut landraces in Hebei Province. The results showed that 58 pairs of EST-SSR primers were polymorphism with a polymorphic rate of 26.98%. One hundred and sixty eight alleles were detected in different materials and 156 of which were polymorphic loci. The polymorphic information content (PIC) of each primer varied from 0.063-0.9825 with an average of 0.5244. Cluster analysis was conducted and showed that materials tested could be divided into 2 groups, the first group was A. hypogaea and the second group was A. vulgaris and A. fastigiata, which was consistent with the botanical classification. The trait and marker correlation analysis revealed that one marker could be related with different kinds of traits and 12 pairs of EST-SSR markers were selected with significant correlation with 5 different kinds of agronomic traits.