In order to study vernalization gene and photoperiod gene influence on agronomic traits, in this study, 126 wheat varieties of Heilongjiang province was selected. The results showed that vernalization and photoperiod allelic loci dominant mutation frequency was significantly different from the distribution of wheat in Heilongjiang Province. Combination of vernalization and Photoperiod gene Vrn-A1/Vrn-D1 is most, accounting for 26.2%，then followed by Vrn-A1/Vrn-B1 and Vrn-A1/Vrn-B1/Vrn-D1, accounting for 23.8% and 23.0%, Vrn-B1 gene is minimal, accounting for 0.8%.In vrn-B3 site, All of 126 wheat varieties have recessive gene vrn-B3. Photoperiod gene Ppd-D1 was detected,53 varieties contain allelic gene ppd-D1a, accounting for 42%, 73 varieties contain allelic gene ppd-D1b, accounting for 58%. The effect of vernalization and photoperiod gene on agronomic Traits was analysed, found that Stolon Characteristicand vernalization gene are uncorrelated, wheat which contain Ppd-D1a gene heading early than wheat contain Ppd-D1b gene 1-5 days.