Lilium lancifolium bulblets were treated by 0.15 % colchicine with 2.00 % dimethyl sulfoxide for addition in vitro without light, and the polyploid seedlings were obtained by adventitious bud induction technology. The results of the chromosome quantity of the polyploid indicated that the induction lasting for 96 h showed the best result with the mutation rate of 54.29 %. Via the cytological observation of 4 mutative strains, as the control group was consisted by chimera including triploid(with the proportion of 54.76 % for the 36 chromosome cell), aneuploid and few haploid, the chromosome quantity of these 4 mutative strains was consisted by the different proportion of 53-72 chromosome cells, and they were obviously aneuploid cytochimera.