玉米(Zea. May)×四倍体多年生玉米(Zea.perennis) 可育三倍体形态学和细胞遗传学研究
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Study on Morphologic and Cytogenetic Characterization of fertile offspring from Zea. may×Zea.perennis
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    摘要:

    玉米野生近缘种遗传变异丰富,是拓展玉米种质资源和遗传基础的重要材料。通过将普通玉米与四倍体多年生玉米大量杂交,获得一株部分可育后代植株MT-71,为外源遗传物质在普通玉米的导入创造新种质。MT-71杂交结实率分别为:3X/2X:7.84%,2X/3X:0.56%,3X/4X:0.52%,开放授粉结实率为1.18%;其花粉母细胞(PMC)染色体平均构型为2.30Ⅰ 3.72Ⅱ 6.49Ⅲ 0.23Ⅳ;3X/2X后代植株染色体几乎包括所有2n=20~30染色体数目,2X/3X和开放授粉后代中染色体数目仅有2n=20,21。结果表明MT-71可产生有功能的雌雄配子,其中 n=10,11的配子更易遗传;雌配子体对额外染色体的传递能力显著高于雄配子体,异源三倍体最有效的遗传方式为3X/2X。

    Abstract:

    Wide relatives of maize have rich genetic variations, which are valuable materials for maize germplasm resources and genetic basis. By a large number of hybridization between ordinary maize and tetraploid perennial maize, a partially fertile offspring MT-71was obtained, and it created new ordinary maize germplasm. The setting percentage of MT-71 was 7.84%(3X/2X),0.56%(2X/3X),and 0.52%(3X /4X) respectively. The open pollination rate was 1.18% The chromosome configuration of the pollen mother cells (PMC) was 2.30I+3.72Ⅱ+6.49Ⅲ+0.23Ⅳ. The chromosomes of 3X/2X progenies had almost all 2n=20-30 chromosome number, while the chromosome number was only 2n=20, 21 in 2X/3X and open pollination progenies. These results showed that the MT-71 could produce a function male and female gametes, and n=10, 11 gametes were heritable. Meanwhile, the extra chromosome transmission ability of the female gametophyte was significantly higher than the male gametophyte, and 3X/2X was the most effective mode of allotriploid.

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吕桂华,唐祈林,郭国锦,等.玉米(Zea. May)×四倍体多年生玉米(Zea. perennis) 可育三倍体形态学和细胞遗传学研究[J].植物遗传资源学报,2015,16(6):1152-1156.

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  • 收稿日期:2014-10-08
  • 最后修改日期:2015-06-19
  • 录用日期:2015-09-21
  • 在线发布日期: 2015-11-04
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