Lodging is an important factor limiting yield increaseing in crops, while plant height, panicle length, panicle diameter, grain weight per panicle are closely related to yield. So clear deciphering the relationship between lodging resistance and these yield-related traits is important for launching lodging resistance, high-yield breeding in foxtail millet. In this study, 41 foxtail millet cultivars were selected to investigate seven traits including lodging index, plant height, panicle length, panicle diameter, branch number per panicle, grain number per branch and grain weight per panicle. The results indicated that all the 7 traits showed significant difference among 41 foxtail millet cultivars, and except panicle diameter, the remaining 6 traits showed rich genetic variation. Correlation analysis showed that some negative correlation was existed between lodging index and plant height, but not reach a significant level. Some positive correlation was existed between lodging index and panicle length, branch number per panicle, grain number per branch, grain weight per panicle, but only positive correlation between lodging index of second basal internode and panicle length reached significant level（P<0.05）. Correlation between lodging index and panicle diameter was complicated. Some negative correlation was existed between lodging index of the first, third basal internodes and panicle diameter, but a positive correlation was existed between lodging index of the second basal internode and panicle diameter. Though they both didn’t reach significant level. A significant (p<0.05) or very significant (P<0.01) positive correlation between plant height and panicle length, panicle diameter, branch number per panicle, grain weight per panicle was existed.A very significant positive correlation among panicle length, panicle diameter, branch number per panicle, grain number per branch and grain weight per panicle was existed (P<0.01). The results above indicated that within a height,of 80 cm, increasing plant height wouldn’t weaken the lodging resistance of foxtail millet. Lodging resistance of the second basal internode played a key role in lodging resistance of the plant, which should be attached great importance in lodging resistance, high-yield breeding of foxtail millet.