In order to understand the variation of fruit characters of kiwifruit cultivars of Actinidia chinensis Planch, a total of 44 cultivars or selections of A. chinensis Planch preserved in National Actinidia Germplasm Repository were evaluated for fruit traits, the results showed that: all the cultivars have high diversity on the fruit traits and ploidy levels are significantly correlated with the fruit traits of the cultivars with different, including fruit weight,fruit surface hairs, flesh color and texture, vitamin C content, fruit ripening days, the flesh firmness of eating ripe stage and fruit maturity. The principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that fruit maturity, flesh texture,fruit surface hairs,fruit ripening days and flesh color are main factors to distinguish cultivars. Because of the correlation of ploidy and fruit traits, the cultivars in the same ploidy levels are normally clustered together based on first and second components, with no overlap between the diploid and hexaploid cultivars, but with overlaps between diploid and tetraploid cultivars, and between tetraploid and hexaploid cultivars.