V.minima is one of the important Vigna species in legumes. However, there was little research report about it. In this paper, the geographic distribution and characteristics about V.minima were elucidated and the differences among V.minima with V.angularis and V. angularis var. nipponensis were analysed.The results showed that (1) Forty-five V.minima resources were collected from Liaoning, Tianjin, Hebei, Shandong and Beijing. Germplasm collected indicated rich variation in seed color, seed size and plant type，etc. (2) Compared with V.angularis, V.minima showed such characters as big plant, short epicotyls, small leaves, slim and short pod, strong shattering of pod, blackish brown pod, small seed and colorful seed coat. Compared with V. angularis var. nipponensis, the traits of plant and seed were similar, but its hilum was prominently protruding and longer. (3) By cluster analysis, V.minima was clarified into the same group with V. angularis var. nipponensis, and was distinct separated with V.angularis.