In Southeast Asia countries, diversified natural resources、planting practice and consumption habit gave birth to a large number of special rice resources, including the colored rice, glutinous rice and fragrant rice types. These resources were long-term planted in relatively closed area, therefore, there are highly homozygous genes and stable phenotypic characteristics. They are ideal materials for genetic and physiological research. Fifty-six special rice resources collected from Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia were used to measure their photosynthetic parameters and statistical analysis. The results showed photosynthetic rate (Pn) and photosynthetic function duration (RSP) of the test material were extremely significant level, with the average values being 27.15μmol m-2 S-1 and 35.3d respectively; By making two-dimensional drawing quadrant, screened out 14 germplasm with relatively higher Pn and RSP, accounting 25% of the total.These germplasm can be used as an intermediate material of special rice type breeding, but also provides genetic resources for the photosynthetic mechanism research and high efficiency gene mapping. In additions, the correlation between special rice photosynthesis rate and agronomic traits were discussed, It was suggested that which an intermediate type plant type, leaf color is green or dark green, flag leaf state erect or intermediate type ,photosynthetic rate were relatively high, will be a potential material of high photosynthetic breeding.