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首页 > 过刊浏览>2021年第22卷第1期 >38-49. DOI:10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20200419002
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小麦周麦22及其衍生品种的遗传多样性分析
作者:
作者单位:

1 河南农业大学农学院 / 省部共建小麦玉米作物学国家重点实验室 / 河南粮食作物协同创新中心,郑州 450046; 2 周口市农业科学院 / 河南省小麦种质改良工程技术研究中心 / 河南省作物分子育种与生物反应器重点实验室, 周口 466001; 3 中牟县农业技术推广站,河南中牟 451450

基金项目:

中原千人计划--中原科技创新领军人才项目（204200510029）；河南省自然科学基金重点项目（162300410348）；河南农业大学拔尖人才项目（30500678）


Genetic Diversity Analysis of Wheat Cultivars/Lines Derived from Wheat Cultivar Zhoumai 22
Author:
Affiliation:

1College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University /State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science/Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Zhengzhou 450046; 2Zhoukou Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Wheat Germplasm Improvement Engineering Research Center of Henan Province/ Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding and Bioreactor of Henan Province, Zhoukou 466001; 3Zhongmu County Agricultural Technology Extension Station, Zhongmu, Henan 451450

Fund Project:

Central Plains Thousand Persons Scheme--Central Plains Science and Technology Innovation Leading Talent Project(204200510029), Key projects of the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(162300410348), Top Talent Project of Henan Agricultural University(30500678)

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    摘要:

    高产多抗广适小麦品种周麦22(国审麦2007007)不仅是中国主要推广品种，而且也已成为黄淮麦区重要育种亲本。对周麦22及其衍生品种（系）进行遗传多样性分析，对今后小麦新品种选育具有重要意义。本研究对周麦22的106个衍生品种（系）进行了系谱分析，并利用55K SNP芯片对其较早衍生的80个品种（系）进行了全基因组扫描。结果表明，周麦22的106个衍生品种(系)共涉及到直接亲本82个，作为对手亲本使用次数较多的是百农AK58、周麦24、周麦18、洛麦21、周麦16、周麦19等，追踪其系谱，这些亲本由周8425B和周麦9号直接或间接衍生，属于“周麦”血缘家族。在A、B、D 3个基因组中，B基因组的多态性位点数最多，D基因组的位点数目最少，但A和D基因组的多态性位点比率基本相当。周麦22与80个衍生品种（系）的遗传相似系数平均值为0.685，变幅为0.392~0.856；而衍生系间的遗传相似系数平均值为0.676，变幅为0.381~0.991。周麦22及80个衍生品种(系)划分为8个亚群，其中第I、II、III和IV亚群遗传多样性较高，而第V、VI、VII和VIII亚群遗传多样性较低。说明衍生系间存在着不同程度的遗传多样性差异，通过导入不同优质亚基和差异化选择，可选育出不同类型的小麦品种。

    Abstract:

    Zhoumai 22 is not only the major cultivar in China, but also has become an important breeding parent in Huang-huai river valley winter wheat region. In order to reveal the genetic diversity and contributions of Zhoumai 22 to its derivatives and provide a reference for parent selection, we analyzed 106 derived varieties (lines) of Zhoumai 22 by genealogy and selected its earlier derived 80 varieties (lines) for SNP genotyping using the Affymetrix 55K SNP chip. The results showed that the 106 derivative lines of Zhoumai 22 involved 82 direct parents, and the main ones used as the opponent parents were Bainong AK58、Zhoumai 24, Zhoumai 18, Luomai 21, Zhoumai 16, Zhoumai 19, etc. These parents were directly or indirectly derived from Zhou 8425B and Zhoumai 9 and belonged to the "Zhoumai" consanguinity family. Of the A、B、D genomes, the B genome has the largest number of polymorphic loci, the D genome has the least number of polymorphic loci, but the ratio of polymorphism SNP to raw SNP number of A and D genomes is basically the same. Genetic similarity between Zhoumai 22 and 80 derived varieties (lines) ranged 0.392~0.856 with an average of 0.685, while genetic similarity among the derived lines varied from 0.381 to 0.991 with an average of 0.676. There were some genetic diversity differences among Zhoumai 22 and its derivatives. The 81 varieties were divided into 8 subpopulations, of which the I、II、III and IV subpopulations had richer genetic diversity and the V、VI、VII and VIII subpopulations was insufficient on genetic diversity. Through the polymerization of high quality protein subunits and differential selection, the new wheat varieties with high yield and multi-resistance and high quality characteristics were bred, such as Zhoumai 26, Cunmai 8, Zhoumai 36, Cunmai 11 and so on.

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高艳,唐建卫,邹少奎,等.小麦周麦22及其衍生品种的遗传多样性分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2021,22(1):38-49.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-04-19
  • 最后修改日期:2020-11-18
  • 录用日期:2020-08-28
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