China is one of the major diversity centres of the grape genus Vitis and is therefore very rich in its germplasm resources. The diverse and elite genes of the wild relatives of grapes form an important gene bank for enrichment of the genetic composition of cultivated grapes. Owing to destruction of the ecological environment, some important wild grape populations have been threatened with extinction. Based on field investigation, specimen examination and literature survey, a total of 42 species, 1 subspecies and 13 varieties of wild relatives of geographical regionality, with the similarity of species composition of grape wild relatives between the Jiang-Han dispersal channels and provided a theoretical foundation for their resources protection. The results show that the grapes were recognized in China. The distribution of Chinese grape wild relatives were analyzed to reveal their distribution of Chinese grape wild relatives is complex and diverse. Endemics amount to 26.8% of the total number of species in China. Most of the Chinese grape wild relatives are concentrated in China-Japan forest plant subkingdom, and they are most abundant in the Eastern China region from which the number of Vitis species decrease gradually in all directions. The similarity level appears to be high, and the species do not show strong Plain Subregion and the Qinling-Bashan Subregion being the highest. V. heyneana Roem. et Schult. is the most widespread species, found in 29 regions and subregions, while some other grape wild relatives are narrowly distributed. It is suggested that the protection of Chinese grape wild relatives should be strengthened.