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首页 > 过刊浏览>2022年第23卷第5期 >1371-1382. DOI:10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20220322001
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中国大麦育成品种产量相关性状鉴定评价
作者:
作者单位:

1.甘肃农业大学农学院/省部共建干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室/甘肃省作物遗传改良与种质创新重点实验室;2.中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农业农村部粮食作物基因资源评价利用重点实验室/农作物基因资源与基因改良国家重大科学工程;3.山西农业大学/杂粮种质创新与分子育种山西省重点实验室

基金项目:

省部共建青稞和牦牛种质资源与遗传改良国家重点实验室开放课题（XZNKY-2020-C-007K01）；杂粮种质创新与分子育种国家实验室（筹）（202105D121010）；国家大麦青稞产业技术体系（CARS-05）；中国农业科学院科技创新工程等专项


Evaluation of the Yield-related Traits of Chinese Barley Cultivars
Author:
Affiliation:

1.College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural Univrsity/State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science (Gansu Agricuiltural Universit)/Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement and Germplasm Enhancement;2.Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization/National Major Scientific Project of Crop Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement;3.Shanxi Agricultural University/ Shanxi Key Laboratory of Minor Crops Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding

Fund Project:

Grants from the Open Project Program of the State Key Laboratory of Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement of TAAAS (XZNKY-2020-C-007K01)，Shanxi Key Laboratory of Minor Crops Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, SXAU (202105D121010)，China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA (CARS-05) ，the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of CAAS

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    摘要:

    提高产量是作物育种的最主要的目标之一。通过对不同时期大麦育成品种的产量相关性状进行鉴定评价，有助于提高大麦高产育种的针对性。本研究对我国155份青稞、啤酒和饲料大麦育成品种的8个产量相关性状，分别在两个环境进行了表型鉴定。结果显示，啤酒大麦的株高、穗长、穗节数等性状相互间均呈显著正相关；青稞和啤酒大麦中，穗密度和千粒重呈显著负相关。总体来看，近30年中国大麦育成品种千粒重表现为逐渐上升趋势，而株高和穗密度呈下降趋势。聚类分析发现，参试材料可划分为高秆多粒组、中矮秆组、长穗高千粒重组、长粒稀穗组4类，反映了不同大麦产区的主要品种特征。本研究通过分析不同时期大麦育成品种的产量相关性状变化规律及潜在利用途径，可为我国不同生态区的大麦高产育种提供参考。

    Abstract:

    Increasing yield is one of the major tasks in crop breeding. Evaluation of the yield-related traits of barley cultivars released from the different breeding periods might provide insights in high-yield breeding. In this study, 155 Chinese barley cultivars which include Qingke (hulless barley), malting, and feed barley were evaluated for the phenotypic variations at eight yield-related traits in two environmental conditions. The significant positive correlation among the traits plant height, spike length, and rachis node per spike were observed for malting barley. Spike density significantly negatively correlated with thousand kernel weight in Qingke and malting barley. Overall, the thousand kernel weight of Chinese barley cultivars in the past 30 years showed a gradual increase trend, while the plant height and spike density constantly decreased during the breeding period. Cluster analysis suggested four categories of these cultivars, including high-stalk multi-grain group, mid/dwarf-stalk group, long-spike high-thousand kernel weight group, and long-grain lax-spike group, being coincidence with the breeding targets in production areas. Collectively, the valuation of phenotype changes during barley breeding history and its potential avenues of applications can provide insights for high-yield breeding in different ecological regions in China.

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赵 盟,王春超,张仁旭,等.中国大麦育成品种产量相关性状鉴定评价[J].植物遗传资源学报,2022,23(5):1371-1382.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-03-22
  • 最后修改日期:2022-04-08
  • 录用日期:2022-04-24
  • 在线发布日期: 2022-09-09
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