中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所
国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目（CARS-24-A-01）；国家自然科学基金项目（31872946）；中国农业科学院创新工程项目（CAAS-ASTIP-2017-IVFCAAS）；农业农村部作物种质资源安全保存项目（2022NWB037）；国家园艺种质北京蔬菜分库运行服务项目（NHGRC2022-NH01）；国家作物种质资源数据中心观测监测任务项目（ZX01NK-03）
Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Creation in the Ministry of Agriculture
National Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System Construction Special Fund Project (CARS-24-A-01)，National Natural Science Foundation of China (31872946)，Innovation Engineering Project of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS-ASTIP-2017-IVFCAAS)，Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Crop Germplasm Resources Safety Conservation Project (2022NWB037)，National Horticultural Germplasm Beijing Vegetable Sub-bank Operation Service Project (NHGRC2022-NH01)，Observation and Monitoring Mission Project of National Crop Germplasm Resources Data Center (ZX01NK-03)
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葱韭类蔬菜种子属于短命性种质，常规低温保存难以实现资源的长期保存，因此，开展针对葱韭类种质资源的超低温保存技术研究具有重要意义。本文对韭菜、大葱、韭葱、洋葱4种葱韭类蔬菜共30份资源进行了超低温保存方法研究，通过3因素4水平的正交实验，以超低温保存后种子发芽率与未经任何处理的种子发芽率比值为试验结果对实验效果进行评价。结果表明：方差分析各实验有显著性差异(P<0.05)，最佳实验方法为A1B4C1即不经过植物玻璃化溶液（PVS2）处理，放入液氮，取出后在40℃的恒温环境下复温4 h。对超低温保存复温后种子测定其种子的超氧化物歧化酶活性，过氧化物酶活性，过氧化氢酶活性，丙二醛含量生理指标的变化。实验结果表明：经过液氮超低温保存后种子的丙二醛含量下降，超氧化物歧化酶活性经液氮处理之后高于对照，液氮冷冻后的韭菜种子过氧化氢酶活性降低, 大葱过氧化氢酶活性增高。研究结果将为葱韭类蔬菜种质资源超低温保存提供技术储备。
Allium crop germplasm is ephemeral vegetable due to its short-lived seeds. Application of the conventional low-temperature preservation is difficult to achieve long-term preservation. It is therefore of great significance to set up the cryopreservation procedure specific to the allium germplasm. In the present study, through the orthogonal experiment of three factors with four levels, we examined the cryopreservation methods using 30 accessions of four allium vegetables (Allium tuberosum Rottler ex Sprengle, Allium fistulosum L. var. giganteum Makino, Allium porrum L. and Allium cepa L.). These results was evaluated by the germination rate of the seeds after cryopreservation if compared to the germination rate of the seeds without treatments. The results showed significant differences among the ANOVA experiments (P<0.05), while the optimal procedure was the A1B4C1 (without cryoprotectant PVS2 treatment, storage in liquid nitrogen, and rewarming for 4 h at 40°C before testing the germination rate). We also determined the physiological indexes of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) activity, catalase (CAT) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content of cryopreservation seeds after seed rewarming. The MDA content of the seeds decreased after ultra-low temperature preservation of liquid nitrogen, while the SOD activity was higher than that of the control after the liquid nitrogen treatment. A decrease on the POD activity of A. tuberosum Rottler ex Sprengle, after liquid nitrogen treatment and an increase on the POD activity of A. porrum L., A. fistulosum L. var. giganteum Makino and A. cepa L. were detected. Collectively, these results provided optimal cryopreservation procedure for Allium vegetable germplasm resources.
引用本文
赵丹琦,宋江萍,贾会霞,等.葱韭类蔬菜种质资源种子超低温保存技术研究[J].植物遗传资源学报,2022,23(5):1258-1268.
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- 收稿日期:2022-05-27
- 最后修改日期:2022-06-22
- 录用日期:2022-06-28
- 在线发布日期: 2022-09-09
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