Shanxi Province is located in the middle reaches of the Yellow River and the eastern wing of the Loess Plateau. It is the birthplace of China''s agricultural civilization and is known as the "minor crop" kingdom. Food legume seed resources are diverse and rich in types and numbers, and have important research and utilization value in Shanxi Province. In this study, we conducted an investigation and analysis based on the data obtained from the third national crop germplasm resource census and collection action. The results show that 6177 collections, including 1907 collections of food legumes resources, belonging to 1 family, 8 genera, and 14 species, were collected in Shanxi Province. Based on environmental adaptability and ecological habits, 1,907 food legumes are divided into three categories: cool-season legumes, warm-season legumes and hot-season legumes. According to their use and utilization methods, they are divided into six categories: grain, vegetable, feed, medicine, green manure and ornamental gardening. The number of germplasm resources collected in 11 prefecture-level cities from more to less is as follows: Linfen, Xinzhou, Luliang, Yuncheng, Datong, Jinzhong, Changzhi, Jincheng, Taiyuan, Shuozhou and Yangquan. Common bean is grown in 11 prefecture-level cities and have a significant advantage in the numbers of germplasm, followed by cowpea, mung bean and pea. From the geographical distribution, among the 14 bean species, cool-season legumes are planted in the central and northern regions of Shanxi Province, while warm-season legumes in the central and southern, with hot-season legumes in the north and south. From the perspective of resource distribution in altitude, 868 collections were collected between 800 and 1200 m, followed by 594 (1200-1600 m), 21 (< 400 m) and 4 (> 2000 m). From the perspective of soil types of the source of germplasm resources, the source of 1907 resources are divided into 7 soil classes, 10 soil great groups, and 21 sub-categories. Among the 10 soil great groups, cinnamon soil has an absolute advantage, with a total of 1,247 resources from this soil great group, followed by chestnut cinnamon soil and loessial soil. The number of brown soil resources is the smallest, with only 1 collection. In addition, a resource diversity analysis was carried out with pea as an example. Based on pea resources phenotype data collected, 87 pea resources were divided into 6 groups through clustering analysis. Thirteen phenotype traits were compressed into 4 principal components with the principal component analysis (cumulative contribution rate of 76.94%), as well as were divided into 5 categories based on the phenotype trait correlation and cluster analysis. Through the above 1907 food legumes germplasm resources survey and field appraisal evaluation, we can have a full understanding of collections from the third crop germplasm resource census and collection actions in Shanxi Province, and can provide a scientific basis for the research, utilization and protection of food legumes.