The grain quality status of japonica varieties and agronomic and grain quality characters of erect panicle typical japonica varieties bred in the recent 10 years in Huaibei region in Jiangsu province were analyzed. The results showed that erect panicle japonica varieties which were bred in early stage showed low process quality, high chalkiness rate and large chalkiness degree, and rather high protein content. But these grain quality characters were improved in recent breeding, and taste quality also was changed. There were the trends that total grain numbers per ear increased, grain density decreased, ear lengthened in recent bred varieties. The main factor resulting in the high yield was that grain numbers per ear increased.