8515 accessions proso millet germplasm have been collected in 23 provinces of China during 22 years. For the germplasm resources which have been stored in the national genebank for long-term conservation, 16 items agriculture characterization evaluation have been finished, and China proso millet germplasm resources index has been compiled. By analyzing the content of protein, fat, lysine and evaluating salt resistance, and dustbrand resistance for more than 6000 accessions germplasm, some elite germplasms whose single or integrated character was outstanding were selected. By further study, 5 accessions high yield elite germplasm have been applied in production. Three accessions were evaluated as the first grade or the second grade elite germplasm by Ministry of Agriculture, and extended to farmers in whole country. By utilizing the elite germplasm, the breeding insti- tutes have bred 43 breeds, which have become main breed in local area, and achieve obvious economic and social benefit.