At present,there are about 80 stem rust resistance genes found in the range of international.Moreover,forty-five of these were given to official designation according to the standards set forth in the Catalogue of Gene Symbols for wheat,fifty-eight of these were located and mapped to special chromosomes,and twelve wheat stem rust resistance gene have been developed for molecular marker.In this paper,the source,resistance heredity and molecular marker of wheat stem rust resistance gene and presence question was summarized.At the same time,the perspective of stem rust resistance molecular heredity will be discussed.